roc-recv
********

SYNOPSIS
========

**roc-recv** *OPTIONS*

DESCRIPTION
===========

Receive audio streams from remote senders and write them to an audio device or file.

Options
-------

-h, --help                    Print help and exit
-V, --version                 Print version and exit
-v, --verbose                 Increase verbosity level (may be used multiple times)
-L, --list-supported          list supported schemes and formats
-o, --output=IO_URI           Output file or device URI
--output-format=FILE_FORMAT   Force output file format
--backup=IO_URI               Backup file or device URI (if set, used when there are no sessions)
--backup-format=FILE_FORMAT   Force backup file format
-s, --source=ENDPOINT_URI     Local source endpoint
-r, --repair=ENDPOINT_URI     Local repair endpoint
-c, --control=ENDPOINT_URI    Local control endpoint
--miface=MIFACE               IPv4 or IPv6 address of the network interface on which to join the multicast group
--reuseaddr                   enable SO_REUSEADDR when binding sockets
--target-latency=STRING       Target latency, TIME units
--io-latency=STRING           Playback target latency, TIME units
--latency-tolerance=STRING    Maximum deviation from target latency, TIME units
--no-play-timeout=STRING      No playback timeout, TIME units
--choppy-play-timeout=STRING  Choppy playback timeout, TIME units
--frame-len=TIME              Duration of the internal frames, TIME units
--max-packet-size=SIZE        Maximum packet size, in SIZE units
--max-frame-size=SIZE         Maximum internal frame size, in SIZE units
--rate=INT                    Override output sample rate, Hz
--latency-backend=ENUM        Which latency to use in latency tuner (possible values="niq" default=`niq')
--latency-profile=ENUM        Latency tuning profile  (possible values="default", "responsive", "gradual", "intact" default=`default')
--resampler-backend=ENUM      Resampler backend  (possible values="default", "builtin", "speex", "speexdec" default=`default')
--resampler-profile=ENUM      Resampler profile  (possible values="low", "medium", "high" default=`medium')
-1, --oneshot                 Exit when last connected client disconnects (default=off)
--profiling                   Enable self-profiling  (default=off)
--beep                        Enable beeping on packet loss  (default=off)
--color=ENUM                  Set colored logging mode for stderr output (possible values="auto", "always", "never" default=`auto')

Endpoint URI
------------

``--source``, ``--repair``, and ``--control`` options define network endpoints on which to receive the traffic.

*ENDPOINT_URI* should have the following form:

``protocol://host[:port][/path][?query]``

Examples:

- ``rtsp://localhost:123/path?query``
- ``rtp+rs8m://localhost:123``
- ``rtp://0.0.0.0:123``
- ``rtp://[::1]:123``
- ``rtcp://0.0.0.0:123``

The list of supported protocols can be retrieved using ``--list-supported`` option.

The host field should be either FQDN (domain name), or IPv4 address, or IPv6 address in square brackets. It may be ``0.0.0.0`` (for IPv4) or ``[::]`` (for IPv6) to bind endpoint to all network interfaces.

The port field can be omitted if the protocol defines standard port. Otherwise, it is mandatory. It may be set to zero to bind endpoint to a radomly chosen ephemeral port.

The path and query fields are allowed only for protocols that support them, e.g. for RTSP.

If FEC is enabled on sender, a pair of a source and repair endpoints should be provided. The two endpoints should use compatible protocols, e.g. ``rtp+rs8m://`` for source endpoint, and ``rs8m://`` for repair endpoint. If FEC is disabled, a single source endpoint should be provided.

Supported source and repair protocols:

- source ``rtp://``, repair none (bare RTP without FEC)
- source ``rtp+rs8m://``, repair ``rs8m://`` (RTP with Reed-Solomon FEC)
- source ``rtp+ldpc://``, repair ``ldpc://`` (RTP with LDPC-Staircase FEC)

In addition, it is recommended to provide control endpoint. It is used to exchange non-media information used to identify session, carry feedback, etc. If no control endpoint is provided, session operates in reduced fallback mode, which may be less robust and may not support all features.

Supported control protocols:

- ``rtcp://``

IO URI
------

``--output`` and ``--backup`` options require a device or file URI in one of the following forms:

- ``DEVICE_TYPE://DEVICE_NAME`` -- audio device
- ``DEVICE_TYPE://default`` -- default audio device for given device type
- ``file:///ABS/PATH`` -- absolute file path
- ``file://localhost/ABS/PATH`` -- absolute file path (alternative form; only "localhost" host is supported)
- ``file:/ABS/PATH`` -- absolute file path (alternative form)
- ``file:REL/PATH`` -- relative file path
- ``file://-`` -- stdout
- ``file:-`` -- stdout (alternative form)

Examples:

- ``pulse://default``
- ``pulse://alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo``
- ``alsa://hw:1,0``
- ``file:///home/user/test.wav``
- ``file://localhost/home/user/test.wav``
- ``file:/home/user/test.wav``
- ``file:./test.wav``
- ``file:-``

The list of supported schemes and file formats can be retrieved using ``--list-supported`` option.

If the ``--output`` is omitted, the default driver and device are selected.
If the ``--backup`` is omitted, no backup source is used.

The ``--output-format`` and ``--backup-format`` options can be used to force the output or backup file format. If the option is omitted, the file format is auto-detected. The option is always required when the output or backup is stdout or stdin.

The path component of the provided URI is `percent-decoded <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percent-encoding>`_. For convenience, unencoded characters are allowed as well, except that ``%`` should be always encoded as ``%25``.

For example, the file named ``/foo/bar%/[baz]`` may be specified using either of the following URIs: ``file:///foo%2Fbar%25%2F%5Bbaz%5D`` and ``file:///foo/bar%25/[baz]``.

Multicast interface
-------------------

If ``--miface`` option is present, it defines an IP address of the network interface on which to join the multicast group. If not present, no multicast group should be joined.

It's not possible to receive multicast traffic without joining a multicast group. The user should either provide multicast interface, or join the group manually using foreign tools.

*MIFACE* should be an IP address of the network interface on which to join the multicast group. It may be ``0.0.0.0`` (for IPv4) or ``::`` (for IPv6) to join the multicast group on all available interfaces.

Multiple slots
--------------

Multiple sets of endpoints can be specified to retrieve media from multiple addresses.

Such endpoint sets are called slots. All slots should have the same set of endpoint types (source, repair, etc) and should use the same protocols for them. All slots should also have their own multicast interface option, if it's used.

SO_REUSEADDR
------------

If ``--reuseaddr`` option is provided, ``SO_REUSEADDR`` socket option will be enabled for all sockets (by default it's enabled only for multicast sockets).

For TCP, it allows immediately reusing recently closed socket in TIME_WAIT state, which may be useful you want to be able to restart server quickly.

For UDP, it allows multiple processes to bind to the same address, which may be useful if you're using systemd socket activation.

Regardless of the option, ``SO_REUSEADDR`` is always disabled when binding to ephemeral port.

Backup audio
------------

If ``--backup`` option is given, it defines input audio device or file which will be played when there are no connected sessions. If it's not given, silence is played instead.

Backup file is restarted from the beginning each time when the last session disconnect. The playback of of the backup file is automatically looped.

Time units
----------

*TIME* should have one of the following forms:
  123ns; 1.23us; 1.23ms; 1.23s; 1.23m; 1.23h;

Size units
----------

*SIZE* should have one of the following forms:
  123; 1.23K; 1.23M; 1.23G;

EXAMPLES
========

Endpoint examples
-----------------

Bind one bare RTP endpoint on all IPv4 interfaces:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001

Bind source, repair, and control endpoints to all IPv4 interfaces (but not IPv6):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp+rs8m://0.0.0.0:10001 -r rs8m://0.0.0.0:10002 \
        -c rtcp://0.0.0.0:10003

Bind source, repair, and control endpoints to all IPv6 interfaces (but not IPv4):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp+rs8m://[::]:10001 -r rs8m://[::]:10002 -c rtcp://[::]:10003

Bind source, repair, and control endpoints to a particular network interface:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp+rs8m://192.168.0.3:10001 -r rs8m://192.168.0.3:10002 \
        -c rtcp://192.168.0.3:10003

Bind endpoints to a particular multicast address and join to a multicast group on a particular network interface:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp+rs8m://225.1.2.3:10001 -r rs8m://225.1.2.3:10002 \
        -c rtcp://225.1.2.3:10003 \
        --miface 192.168.0.3

Bind two sets of source, repair, and control endpoints (six endpoints in total):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv \
        -s rtp+rs8m://192.168.0.3:10001 -r rs8m://192.168.0.3:10002 \
            -c rtcp://192.168.0.3:10003 \
        -s rtp+rs8m://198.214.0.7:10001 -r rs8m://198.214.0.7:10002 \
            -c rtcp://198.214.0.7:10003

I/O examples
------------

Output to the default device (omit ``-o``):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001

Output to the default ALSA device:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o alsa://default

Output to a specific PulseAudio device:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o pulse://alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo

Output to a file in WAV format (guess format by extension):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o file:./output.wav

Output to a file in WAV format (specify format manually):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o file:./output.file --output-format wav

Output to stdout in WAV format:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o file:- --output-format wav >./output.wav

Output to a file in WAV format (absolute path):

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 -o file:///home/user/output.wav

Specify backup file:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 --backup file:./backup.wav

Tuning examples
---------------

Force a specific rate on the output device:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 --rate=44100

Select the LDPC-Staircase FEC scheme:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp+ldpc://0.0.0.0:10001 -r ldpc://0.0.0.0:10002 \
        -c rtcp://0.0.0.0:10003

Select lower session latency:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 --target-latency=50ms

Select lower I/O latency and frame length:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 \
        --io-latency=20ms --frame-len 4ms

Manually specify thresholds and timeouts:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 \
        --target-latency=50ms --min-latency=40ms --max-latency 60ms \
        --no-play-timeout=200ms --choppy-play-timeout=500ms

Manually specify resampling parameters:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 \
        --resampler-backend=speex --resampler-profile=high

Manually specify latency tuning parameters:

.. code::

    $ roc-recv -vv -s rtp://0.0.0.0:10001 \
        --latency-backend=niq --latency-profile=gradual

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
=====================

The following environment variables are supported:

NO_COLOR
    By default, terminal coloring is automatically detected. This environment variable can be set to a non-empty string to disable terminal coloring. It has lower precedence than ``--color`` option.

FORCE_COLOR
    By default, terminal coloring is automatically detected. This environment variable can be set to a positive integer to enable/force terminal coloring. It has lower precedence than  ``NO_COLOR`` variable and ``--color`` option.

SEE ALSO
========

:manpage:`roc-send(1)`, and the Roc web site at https://roc-streaming.org/

BUGS
====

Please report any bugs found via GitHub (https://github.com/roc-streaming/roc-toolkit/).

AUTHORS
=======

See authors page on the website for a list of maintainers and contributors (https://roc-streaming.org/toolkit/docs/about_project/authors.html).
