// -*- C++ -*-
#include "Rivet/Analysis.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/FinalState.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/LeadingParticlesFinalState.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/VetoedFinalState.hh"
#include "Rivet/Projections/FastJets.hh"

namespace Rivet {


  /// @brief Measurement of isolated gamma + jet + X differential cross-sections
  ///
  /// Inclusive isolated gamma + jet cross-sections, differential in pT(gamma), for
  /// various photon and jet rapidity bins.
  ///
  /// @author Andy Buckley
  /// @author Gavin Hesketh
  class D0_2008_I782968 : public Analysis {
  public:

    RIVET_DEFAULT_ANALYSIS_CTOR(D0_2008_I782968);


    /// @name Analysis methods
    /// @{

    /// Set up projections and book histograms
    void init() {
      // General FS
      FinalState fs;
      declare(fs, "FS");

      // Get leading photon
      LeadingParticlesFinalState photonfs(FinalState((Cuts::etaIn(-1.0, 1.0) && Cuts::pT >=  30.0*GeV)));
      photonfs.addParticleId(PID::PHOTON);
      declare(photonfs, "LeadingPhoton");

      // FS excluding the leading photon
      VetoedFinalState vfs(fs);
      vfs.addVetoOnThisFinalState(photonfs);
      declare(vfs, "JetFS");

      // Jets
      FastJets jetpro(vfs, JetAlg::D0ILCONE, 0.7);
      declare(jetpro, "Jets");

      // Histograms
      book(_h_central_same_cross_section ,1, 1, 1);
      book(_h_central_opp_cross_section  ,2, 1, 1);
      book(_h_forward_same_cross_section ,3, 1, 1);
      book(_h_forward_opp_cross_section  ,4, 1, 1);

      // Ratio histos to be filled by divide()
      book(_h_cen_opp_same, 5, 1, 1);
      book(_h_fwd_opp_same, 8, 1, 1);
      // Ratio histos to be filled manually, since the num/denom inputs don't match
      book(_h_cen_same_fwd_same, 6, 1, 1);
      book(_h_cen_opp_fwd_same, 7, 1, 1);
      book(_h_cen_same_fwd_opp, 9, 1, 1);
      book(_h_cen_opp_fwd_opp, 10, 1, 1);
    }



    /// Do the analysis
    void analyze(const Event& event) {
      // Get the photon
      const FinalState& photonfs = apply<FinalState>(event, "LeadingPhoton");
      if (photonfs.particles().size() != 1) {
        vetoEvent;
      }
      const FourMomentum photon = photonfs.particles().front().momentum();

      // Isolate photon by ensuring that a 0.4 cone around it contains less than 7% of the photon's energy
      double egamma = photon.E();
      double eta_P = photon.eta();
      double phi_P = photon.phi();
      double econe = 0.0;
      for (const Particle& p : apply<FinalState>(event, "JetFS").particles()) {
        if (deltaR(eta_P, phi_P, p.eta(), p.phi()) < 0.4) {
          econe += p.E();
          // Veto as soon as E_cone gets larger
          if (econe/egamma > 0.07) {
            MSG_DEBUG("Vetoing event because photon is insufficiently isolated");
            vetoEvent;
          }
        }
      }

      Jets jets = apply<FastJets>(event, "Jets").jetsByPt(Cuts::pT > 15.0*GeV);
      if (jets.empty()) vetoEvent;

      FourMomentum leadingJet = jets[0].momentum();
      if (deltaR(eta_P, phi_P, leadingJet.eta(), leadingJet.phi()) < 0.7) {
        vetoEvent;
      }

      int photon_jet_sign = sign( leadingJet.rapidity() * photon.rapidity() );

      // Veto if leading jet is outside plotted rapidity regions
      const double abs_y1 = fabs(leadingJet.rapidity());
      if (inRange(abs_y1, 0.8, 1.5) || abs_y1 > 2.5) {
        MSG_DEBUG("Leading jet falls outside acceptance range; |y1| = " << abs_y1);
        vetoEvent;
      }

      // Fill histos
      if (fabs(leadingJet.rapidity()) < 0.8) {
        Histo1DPtr h = (photon_jet_sign >= 1) ? _h_central_same_cross_section : _h_central_opp_cross_section;
        h->fill(photon.pT());
      } else if (inRange( fabs(leadingJet.rapidity()), 1.5, 2.5)) {
        Histo1DPtr h = (photon_jet_sign >= 1) ? _h_forward_same_cross_section : _h_forward_opp_cross_section;
        h->fill(photon.pT());
      }

    }


    /// Finalize
    void finalize() {
      const double lumi_gen = sumOfWeights()/crossSection()/picobarn;
      const double dy_photon = 2.0;
      const double dy_jet_central = 1.6;
      const double dy_jet_forward = 2.0;

      // Cross-section ratios (6 plots)
      // Central/central and forward/forward ratios
      divide(_h_central_opp_cross_section, _h_central_same_cross_section, _h_cen_opp_same);
      divide(_h_forward_opp_cross_section, _h_forward_same_cross_section, _h_fwd_opp_same);
      // Central/forward ratio combinations
      /// @note The central/forward histo binnings are not the same! Hence the need to do these by hand :-(
      for (size_t i = 1; i < _h_cen_same_fwd_same->numBins()+1; ++i) {
        const auto& cen_same_bini = _h_central_same_cross_section->bin(i);
        const auto& cen_opp_bini = _h_central_opp_cross_section->bin(i);
        const auto& fwd_same_bini = _h_central_same_cross_section->bin(i);
        const auto& fwd_opp_bini = _h_central_opp_cross_section->bin(i);
        _h_cen_same_fwd_same->bin(i).set(_safediv(cen_same_bini.sumW(), fwd_same_bini.sumW(), 0),
                                         add_quad(cen_same_bini.relErrW(), fwd_same_bini.relErrW()));
        _h_cen_opp_fwd_same->bin(i).set(_safediv(cen_opp_bini.sumW(), fwd_same_bini.sumW(), 0),
                                        add_quad(cen_opp_bini.relErrW(), fwd_same_bini.relErrW()));
        _h_cen_same_fwd_opp->bin(i).set(_safediv(cen_same_bini.sumW(), fwd_opp_bini.sumW(), 0),
                                        add_quad(cen_same_bini.relErrW(), fwd_opp_bini.relErrW()));
        _h_cen_opp_fwd_opp->bin(i).set(_safediv(cen_opp_bini.sumW(), fwd_opp_bini.sumW(), 0),
                                       add_quad(cen_opp_bini.relErrW(), fwd_opp_bini.relErrW()));
      }

      // Use generator cross section for remaining histograms
      // Each of these needs the additional factor 2 because the
      // y_photon * y_jet requirement reduces the corresponding 2D "bin width"
      // by a factor 1/2.
      scale(_h_central_same_cross_section, 2.0/lumi_gen * 1.0/dy_photon * 1.0/dy_jet_central);
      scale(_h_central_opp_cross_section, 2.0/lumi_gen * 1.0/dy_photon * 1.0/dy_jet_central);
      scale(_h_forward_same_cross_section, 2.0/lumi_gen * 1.0/dy_photon * 1.0/dy_jet_forward);
      scale(_h_forward_opp_cross_section, 2.0/lumi_gen * 1.0/dy_photon * 1.0/dy_jet_forward);
    }

    /// @}


  private:

    // A local scope function for division, handling the div-by-zero case
    /// @todo Why isn't the math divide() function being found?
    double _safediv(double a, double b, double result_if_err) {
      return (b != 0) ? a/b : result_if_err;
    }

    /// @name Histograms
    /// @{
    Histo1DPtr _h_central_same_cross_section;
    Histo1DPtr _h_central_opp_cross_section;
    Histo1DPtr _h_forward_same_cross_section;
    Histo1DPtr _h_forward_opp_cross_section;

    Estimate1DPtr _h_cen_opp_same;
    Estimate1DPtr _h_fwd_opp_same;
    Estimate1DPtr _h_cen_same_fwd_same;
    Estimate1DPtr _h_cen_opp_fwd_same;
    Estimate1DPtr _h_cen_same_fwd_opp;
    Estimate1DPtr _h_cen_opp_fwd_opp;
    /// @}

  };



  RIVET_DECLARE_ALIASED_PLUGIN(D0_2008_I782968, D0_2008_S7719523);

}
