#include <petsc/private/snesimpl.h> /*I   "petscsnes.h"   I*/
#include <petscdm.h>

typedef struct {
  PetscInt    n;             /* local subdomains */
  SNES       *subsnes;       /* nonlinear solvers for each subdomain */
  Vec        *x;             /* solution vectors */
  Vec        *xl;            /* solution local vectors */
  Vec        *y;             /* step vectors */
  Vec        *b;             /* rhs vectors */
  Vec         weight;        /* weighting for adding updates on overlaps, in global space */
  VecScatter *oscatter;      /* scatter from global space to the subdomain global space */
  VecScatter *oscatter_copy; /* copy of the above */
  VecScatter *iscatter;      /* scatter from global space to the nonoverlapping subdomain space */
  VecScatter *gscatter;      /* scatter from global space to the subdomain local space */
  PCASMType   type;          /* ASM type */
  PetscBool   usesdm;        /* use the DM for setting up the subproblems */
  PetscBool   finaljacobian; /* compute the jacobian of the converged solution */
  PetscReal   damping;       /* damping parameter for updates from the blocks */
  PetscBool   weight_set;    /* use a weight in the overlap updates */

  /* logging events */
  PetscLogEvent eventrestrictinterp;
  PetscLogEvent eventsubsolve;

  PetscInt fjtype; /* type of computed jacobian */
  Vec      xinit;  /* initial solution in case the final jacobian type is computed as first */
} SNES_NASM;

const char *const SNESNASMTypes[]   = {"NONE", "RESTRICT", "INTERPOLATE", "BASIC", "PCASMType", "PC_ASM_", NULL};
const char *const SNESNASMFJTypes[] = {"FINALOUTER", "FINALINNER", "INITIAL"};

static PetscErrorCode SNESReset_NASM(SNES snes)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;
  PetscInt   i;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
    if (nasm->xl) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->xl[i]));
    if (nasm->x) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->x[i]));
    if (nasm->y) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->y[i]));
    if (nasm->b) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->b[i]));

    if (nasm->subsnes) PetscCall(SNESDestroy(&nasm->subsnes[i]));
    if (nasm->oscatter) PetscCall(VecScatterDestroy(&nasm->oscatter[i]));
    if (nasm->oscatter_copy) PetscCall(VecScatterDestroy(&nasm->oscatter_copy[i]));
    if (nasm->iscatter) PetscCall(VecScatterDestroy(&nasm->iscatter[i]));
    if (nasm->gscatter) PetscCall(VecScatterDestroy(&nasm->gscatter[i]));
  }

  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->x));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->xl));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->y));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->b));

  if (nasm->xinit) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->xinit));

  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->subsnes));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->oscatter));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->oscatter_copy));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->iscatter));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(nasm->gscatter));

  if (nasm->weight_set) PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->weight));

  nasm->eventrestrictinterp = 0;
  nasm->eventsubsolve       = 0;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESDestroy_NASM(SNES snes)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(SNESReset_NASM(snes));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetType_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetType_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetSubdomains_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomains_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetDamping_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetDamping_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian_C", NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscFree(snes->data));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode DMGlobalToLocalSubDomainDirichletHook_Private(DM dm, Vec g, InsertMode mode, Vec l, void *ctx)
{
  Vec bcs = (Vec)ctx;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(VecCopy(bcs, l));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESSetUp_NASM(SNES snes)
{
  SNES_NASM  *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;
  DM          dm, subdm;
  DM         *subdms;
  PetscInt    i;
  const char *optionsprefix;
  Vec         F;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (!nasm->subsnes) {
    PetscCall(SNESGetDM(snes, &dm));
    if (dm) {
      nasm->usesdm = PETSC_TRUE;
      PetscCall(DMCreateDomainDecomposition(dm, &nasm->n, NULL, NULL, NULL, &subdms));
      PetscCheck(subdms, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)dm), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "DM has no default decomposition defined.  Set subsolves manually with SNESNASMSetSubdomains().");
      PetscCall(DMCreateDomainDecompositionScatters(dm, nasm->n, subdms, &nasm->iscatter, &nasm->oscatter, &nasm->gscatter));
      PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->oscatter_copy));
      for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) PetscCall(VecScatterCopy(nasm->oscatter[i], &nasm->oscatter_copy[i]));

      PetscCall(SNESGetOptionsPrefix(snes, &optionsprefix));
      PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->subsnes));
      for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
        PetscCall(SNESCreate(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)subdms[i]), &nasm->subsnes[i]));
        PetscCall(PetscObjectIncrementTabLevel((PetscObject)nasm->subsnes[i], (PetscObject)snes, 1));
        PetscCall(SNESAppendOptionsPrefix(nasm->subsnes[i], optionsprefix));
        PetscCall(SNESAppendOptionsPrefix(nasm->subsnes[i], "sub_"));
        PetscCall(SNESSetDM(nasm->subsnes[i], subdms[i]));
        if (snes->ops->usercompute) {
          PetscCall(SNESSetComputeApplicationContext(nasm->subsnes[i], snes->ops->usercompute, snes->ops->userdestroy));
        } else {
          void *ctx;

          PetscCall(SNESGetApplicationContext(snes, &ctx));
          PetscCall(SNESSetApplicationContext(nasm->subsnes[i], ctx));
        }
        PetscCall(SNESSetFromOptions(nasm->subsnes[i]));
        PetscCall(DMDestroy(&subdms[i]));
      }
      PetscCall(PetscFree(subdms));
    } else SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Cannot construct local problems automatically without a DM!");
  } else SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Must set subproblems manually if there is no DM!");
  /* allocate the global vectors */
  if (!nasm->x) PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->x));
  if (!nasm->xl) PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->xl));
  if (!nasm->y) PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->y));
  if (!nasm->b) PetscCall(PetscCalloc1(nasm->n, &nasm->b));

  for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
    PetscCall(SNESGetFunction(nasm->subsnes[i], &F, NULL, NULL));
    if (!nasm->x[i]) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(F, &nasm->x[i]));
    if (!nasm->y[i]) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(F, &nasm->y[i]));
    if (!nasm->b[i]) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(F, &nasm->b[i]));
    if (!nasm->xl[i]) {
      PetscCall(SNESGetDM(nasm->subsnes[i], &subdm));
      PetscCall(DMCreateLocalVector(subdm, &nasm->xl[i]));
      PetscCall(DMGlobalToLocalHookAdd(subdm, DMGlobalToLocalSubDomainDirichletHook_Private, NULL, nasm->xl[i]));
    }
  }
  if (nasm->finaljacobian) {
    PetscCall(SNESSetUpMatrices(snes));
    if (nasm->fjtype == 2) PetscCall(VecDuplicate(snes->vec_sol, &nasm->xinit));
    for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) PetscCall(SNESSetUpMatrices(nasm->subsnes[i]));
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESSetFromOptions_NASM(SNES snes, PetscOptionItems *PetscOptionsObject)
{
  PCASMType  asmtype;
  PetscBool  flg, monflg;
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscOptionsHeadBegin(PetscOptionsObject, "Nonlinear Additive Schwarz options");
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsEnum("-snes_nasm_type", "Type of restriction/extension", "", SNESNASMTypes, (PetscEnum)nasm->type, (PetscEnum *)&asmtype, &flg));
  if (flg) PetscCall(SNESNASMSetType(snes, asmtype));
  flg    = PETSC_FALSE;
  monflg = PETSC_TRUE;
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsReal("-snes_nasm_damping", "The new solution is obtained as old solution plus dmp times (sum of the solutions on the subdomains)", "SNESNASMSetDamping", nasm->damping, &nasm->damping, &flg));
  if (flg) PetscCall(SNESNASMSetDamping(snes, nasm->damping));
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsDeprecated("-snes_nasm_sub_view", NULL, "3.15", "Use -snes_view ::ascii_info_detail"));
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsBool("-snes_nasm_finaljacobian", "Compute the global jacobian of the final iterate (for ASPIN)", "", nasm->finaljacobian, &nasm->finaljacobian, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsEList("-snes_nasm_finaljacobian_type", "The type of the final jacobian computed.", "", SNESNASMFJTypes, 3, SNESNASMFJTypes[0], &nasm->fjtype, NULL));
  PetscCall(PetscOptionsBool("-snes_nasm_log", "Log times for subSNES solves and restriction", "", monflg, &monflg, &flg));
  if (flg) {
    PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("SNESNASMSubSolve", ((PetscObject)snes)->classid, &nasm->eventsubsolve));
    PetscCall(PetscLogEventRegister("SNESNASMRestrict", ((PetscObject)snes)->classid, &nasm->eventrestrictinterp));
  }
  PetscOptionsHeadEnd();
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESView_NASM(SNES snes, PetscViewer viewer)
{
  SNES_NASM        *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;
  PetscMPIInt       rank, size;
  PetscInt          i, N, bsz;
  PetscBool         iascii, isstring;
  PetscViewer       sviewer;
  MPI_Comm          comm;
  PetscViewerFormat format;
  const char       *prefix;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectGetComm((PetscObject)snes, &comm));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer, PETSCVIEWERASCII, &iascii));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectTypeCompare((PetscObject)viewer, PETSCVIEWERSTRING, &isstring));
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_rank(comm, &rank));
  PetscCallMPI(MPI_Comm_size(comm, &size));
  PetscCall(MPIU_Allreduce(&nasm->n, &N, 1, MPIU_INT, MPI_SUM, comm));
  if (iascii) {
    PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  total subdomain blocks = %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", N));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerGetFormat(viewer, &format));
    if (format != PETSC_VIEWER_ASCII_INFO_DETAIL) {
      if (nasm->subsnes) {
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  Local solver information for first block on rank 0:\n"));
        PetscCall(SNESGetOptionsPrefix(snes, &prefix));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  Use -%ssnes_view ::ascii_info_detail to display information for all blocks\n", prefix ? prefix : ""));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(viewer));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerGetSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
        if (rank == 0) {
          PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(sviewer));
          PetscCall(SNESView(nasm->subsnes[0], sviewer));
          PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(sviewer));
        }
        PetscCall(PetscViewerRestoreSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(viewer));
      }
    } else {
      /* print the solver on each block */
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushSynchronized(viewer));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIISynchronizedPrintf(viewer, "  [%d] number of local blocks = %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", (int)rank, nasm->n));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerFlush(viewer));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopSynchronized(viewer));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "  Local solver information for each block is in the following SNES objects:\n"));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPushTab(viewer));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(viewer, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\n"));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerGetSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
      for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
        PetscCall(VecGetLocalSize(nasm->x[i], &bsz));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "[%d] local block number %" PetscInt_FMT ", size = %" PetscInt_FMT "\n", (int)rank, i, bsz));
        PetscCall(SNESView(nasm->subsnes[i], sviewer));
        PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPrintf(sviewer, "- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -\n"));
      }
      PetscCall(PetscViewerRestoreSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
      PetscCall(PetscViewerASCIIPopTab(viewer));
    }
  } else if (isstring) {
    PetscCall(PetscViewerStringSPrintf(viewer, " blocks=%" PetscInt_FMT ",type=%s", N, SNESNASMTypes[nasm->type]));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerGetSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
    if (nasm->subsnes && rank == 0) PetscCall(SNESView(nasm->subsnes[0], sviewer));
    PetscCall(PetscViewerRestoreSubViewer(viewer, PETSC_COMM_SELF, &sviewer));
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMSetType - Set the type of subdomain update used for the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver `SNESNASM`

  Logically Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes - the `SNES` context
- type - the type of update, `PC_ASM_BASIC` or `PC_ASM_RESTRICT`

  Options Database Key:
. -snes_nasm_type <basic,restrict> - type of subdomain update used

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetType()`, `PCASMSetType()`, `PC_ASM_BASIC`, `PC_ASM_RESTRICT`, `PCASMType`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetType(SNES snes, PCASMType type)
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PCASMType);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetType_C", &f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, type));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetType_NASM(SNES snes, PCASMType type)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(type == PC_ASM_BASIC || type == PC_ASM_RESTRICT, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "SNESNASM only supports basic and restrict types");
  nasm->type = type;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetType - Get the type of subdomain update used for the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver `SNESNASM`

  Logically Collective

  Input Parameter:
. snes - the `SNES` context

  Output Parameter:
. type - the type of update

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMSetType()`, `PCASMGetType()`, `PC_ASM_BASIC`, `PC_ASM_RESTRICT`, `PCASMType`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetType(SNES snes, PCASMType *type)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscUseMethod(snes, "SNESNASMGetType_C", (SNES, PCASMType *), (snes, type));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetType_NASM(SNES snes, PCASMType *type)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  *type = nasm->type;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMSetSubdomains - Manually Set the context required to restrict and solve subdomain problems in the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Logically Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes     - the `SNES` context
. n        - the number of local subdomains
. subsnes  - solvers defined on the local subdomains
. iscatter - scatters into the nonoverlapping portions of the local subdomains
. oscatter - scatters into the overlapping portions of the local subdomains
- gscatter - scatters into the (ghosted) local vector of the local subdomain

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetSubdomains()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetSubdomains(SNES snes, PetscInt n, SNES subsnes[], VecScatter iscatter[], VecScatter oscatter[], VecScatter gscatter[])
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PetscInt, SNES *, VecScatter *, VecScatter *, VecScatter *);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetSubdomains_C", &f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, n, subsnes, iscatter, oscatter, gscatter));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetSubdomains_NASM(SNES snes, PetscInt n, SNES subsnes[], VecScatter iscatter[], VecScatter oscatter[], VecScatter gscatter[])
{
  PetscInt   i;
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(!snes->setupcalled, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "SNESNASMSetSubdomains() should be called before calling SNESSetUp().");

  /* tear down the previously set things */
  PetscCall(SNESReset(snes));

  nasm->n = n;
  if (oscatter) {
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) PetscCall(PetscObjectReference((PetscObject)oscatter[i]));
  }
  if (iscatter) {
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) PetscCall(PetscObjectReference((PetscObject)iscatter[i]));
  }
  if (gscatter) {
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) PetscCall(PetscObjectReference((PetscObject)gscatter[i]));
  }
  if (oscatter) {
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &nasm->oscatter));
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &nasm->oscatter_copy));
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      nasm->oscatter[i] = oscatter[i];
      PetscCall(VecScatterCopy(oscatter[i], &nasm->oscatter_copy[i]));
    }
  }
  if (iscatter) {
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &nasm->iscatter));
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) nasm->iscatter[i] = iscatter[i];
  }
  if (gscatter) {
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &nasm->gscatter));
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) nasm->gscatter[i] = gscatter[i];
  }

  if (subsnes) {
    PetscCall(PetscMalloc1(n, &nasm->subsnes));
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) nasm->subsnes[i] = subsnes[i];
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetSubdomains - Get the local subdomain contexts for the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Not Collective but some of the objects returned will be parallel

  Input Parameter:
. snes - the `SNES` context

  Output Parameters:
+ n        - the number of local subdomains
. subsnes  - solvers defined on the local subdomains
. iscatter - scatters into the nonoverlapping portions of the local subdomains
. oscatter - scatters into the overlapping portions of the local subdomains
- gscatter - scatters into the (ghosted) local vector of the local subdomain

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMSetSubdomains()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetSubdomains(SNES snes, PetscInt *n, SNES *subsnes[], VecScatter *iscatter[], VecScatter *oscatter[], VecScatter *gscatter[])
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PetscInt *, SNES **, VecScatter **, VecScatter **, VecScatter **);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomains_C", &f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, n, subsnes, iscatter, oscatter, gscatter));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetSubdomains_NASM(SNES snes, PetscInt *n, SNES *subsnes[], VecScatter *iscatter[], VecScatter *oscatter[], VecScatter *gscatter[])
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (n) *n = nasm->n;
  if (oscatter) *oscatter = nasm->oscatter;
  if (iscatter) *iscatter = nasm->iscatter;
  if (gscatter) *gscatter = nasm->gscatter;
  if (subsnes) *subsnes = nasm->subsnes;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs - Get the processor-local subdomain vectors for the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Not Collective

  Input Parameter:
. snes - the `SNES` context

  Output Parameters:
+ n  - the number of local subdomains
. x  - The subdomain solution vector
. y  - The subdomain step vector
. b  - The subdomain RHS vector
- xl - The subdomain local vectors (ghosted)

  Level: developer

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetSubdomains()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs(SNES snes, PetscInt *n, Vec **x, Vec **y, Vec **b, Vec **xl)
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PetscInt *, Vec **, Vec **, Vec **, Vec **);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs_C", &f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, n, x, y, b, xl));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs_NASM(SNES snes, PetscInt *n, Vec **x, Vec **y, Vec **b, Vec **xl)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (n) *n = nasm->n;
  if (x) *x = nasm->x;
  if (y) *y = nasm->y;
  if (b) *b = nasm->b;
  if (xl) *xl = nasm->xl;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian - Schedules the computation of the global and subdomain Jacobians upon convergence for the
  nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes - the SNES context
- flg  - `PETSC_TRUE` to compute the Jacobians

  Level: developer

  Notes:
  This is used almost exclusively in the implementation of `SNESASPIN`, where the converged subdomain and global Jacobian
  is needed at each linear iteration.

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetSubdomains()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian(SNES snes, PetscBool flg)
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PetscBool);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian_C", &f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, flg));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian_NASM(SNES snes, PetscBool flg)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  nasm->finaljacobian = flg;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMSetDamping - Sets the update damping for `SNESNASM` the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Logically Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes - the `SNES` context
- dmp  - damping

  Options Database Key:
. -snes_nasm_damping <dmp> - the new solution is obtained as old solution plus `dmp` times (sum of the solutions on the subdomains)

  Level: intermediate

  Note:
  The new solution is obtained as old solution plus dmp times (sum of the solutions on the subdomains)

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetDamping()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetDamping(SNES snes, PetscReal dmp)
{
  PetscErrorCode (*f)(SNES, PetscReal);

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectQueryFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetDamping_C", (void (**)(void)) & f));
  if (f) PetscCall((f)(snes, dmp));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetDamping_NASM(SNES snes, PetscReal dmp)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  nasm->damping = dmp;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetDamping - Gets the update damping for `SNESNASM` the nonlinear additive Schwarz solver

  Not Collective

  Input Parameter:
. snes - the `SNES` context

  Output Parameter:
. dmp - damping

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNES`, `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMSetDamping()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetDamping(SNES snes, PetscReal *dmp)
{
  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscUseMethod(snes, "SNESNASMGetDamping_C", (SNES, PetscReal *), (snes, dmp));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetDamping_NASM(SNES snes, PetscReal *dmp)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  *dmp = nasm->damping;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*
  Input Parameters:
+ snes - The solver
. B - The RHS vector
- X - The initial guess

  Output Parameter:
. Y - The solution update

  TODO: All scatters should be packed into one
*/
static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSolveLocal_Private(SNES snes, Vec B, Vec Y, Vec X)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;
  SNES       subsnes;
  PetscInt   i;
  PetscReal  dmp;
  Vec        Xl, Bl, Yl, Xlloc;
  VecScatter iscat, oscat, gscat, oscat_copy;
  DM         dm, subdm;
  PCASMType  type;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(SNESNASMGetType(snes, &type));
  PetscCall(SNESGetDM(snes, &dm));
  PetscCall(VecSet(Y, 0));
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) { /* scatter the global solution to the overlap solution and the local solution */
    Xl         = nasm->x[i];
    Xlloc      = nasm->xl[i];
    oscat      = nasm->oscatter[i];
    oscat_copy = nasm->oscatter_copy[i];
    gscat      = nasm->gscatter[i];
    PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(oscat, X, Xl, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(gscat, X, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));

    if (B) {
      /* scatter the RHS to the local RHS */
      Bl = nasm->b[i];
      PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(oscat_copy, B, Bl, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    }
  }
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));

  if (nasm->eventsubsolve) PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(nasm->eventsubsolve, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
    PetscErrorCode (*bl)(DM, Vec, void *);
    void *bctx;

    Xl      = nasm->x[i];
    Xlloc   = nasm->xl[i];
    Yl      = nasm->y[i];
    subsnes = nasm->subsnes[i];
    PetscCall(SNESGetDM(subsnes, &subdm));
    iscat      = nasm->iscatter[i];
    oscat      = nasm->oscatter[i];
    oscat_copy = nasm->oscatter_copy[i];
    gscat      = nasm->gscatter[i];
    PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(oscat, X, Xl, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(gscat, X, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    if (B) {
      Bl = nasm->b[i];
      PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(oscat_copy, B, Bl, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    } else Bl = NULL;

    PetscCall(SNESGetDM(subsnes, &subdm));
    PetscCall(DMSNESGetBoundaryLocal(subdm, &bl, &bctx));
    if (bl) PetscCall((*bl)(subdm, Xlloc, bctx));

    PetscCall(DMSubDomainRestrict(dm, oscat, gscat, subdm));
    PetscCall(VecCopy(Xl, Yl));
    PetscCall(SNESSolve(subsnes, Bl, Xl));
    PetscCall(VecAYPX(Yl, -1.0, Xl));
    PetscCall(VecScale(Yl, nasm->damping));
    if (type == PC_ASM_BASIC) {
      PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(oscat, Yl, Y, ADD_VALUES, SCATTER_REVERSE));
      PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(oscat, Yl, Y, ADD_VALUES, SCATTER_REVERSE));
    } else if (type == PC_ASM_RESTRICT) {
      PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(iscat, Yl, Y, ADD_VALUES, SCATTER_REVERSE));
      PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(iscat, Yl, Y, ADD_VALUES, SCATTER_REVERSE));
    } else SETERRQ(PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "Only basic and restrict types are supported for SNESNASM");
  }
  if (nasm->eventsubsolve) PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(nasm->eventsubsolve, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  if (nasm->weight_set) PetscCall(VecPointwiseMult(Y, Y, nasm->weight));
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  PetscCall(SNESNASMGetDamping(snes, &dmp));
  PetscCall(VecAXPY(X, dmp, Y));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESNASMComputeFinalJacobian_Private(SNES snes, Vec Xfinal)
{
  Vec        X    = Xfinal;
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;
  SNES       subsnes;
  PetscInt   i, lag = 1;
  Vec        Xlloc, Xl, Fl, F;
  VecScatter oscat, gscat;
  DM         dm, subdm;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  if (nasm->fjtype == 2) X = nasm->xinit;
  F = snes->vec_func;
  if (snes->normschedule == SNES_NORM_NONE) PetscCall(SNESComputeFunction(snes, X, F));
  PetscCall(SNESComputeJacobian(snes, X, snes->jacobian, snes->jacobian_pre));
  PetscCall(SNESGetDM(snes, &dm));
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventBegin(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  if (nasm->fjtype != 1) {
    for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
      Xlloc = nasm->xl[i];
      gscat = nasm->gscatter[i];
      PetscCall(VecScatterBegin(gscat, X, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    }
  }
  if (nasm->eventrestrictinterp) PetscCall(PetscLogEventEnd(nasm->eventrestrictinterp, snes, 0, 0, 0));
  for (i = 0; i < nasm->n; i++) {
    Fl      = nasm->subsnes[i]->vec_func;
    Xl      = nasm->x[i];
    Xlloc   = nasm->xl[i];
    subsnes = nasm->subsnes[i];
    oscat   = nasm->oscatter[i];
    gscat   = nasm->gscatter[i];
    if (nasm->fjtype != 1) PetscCall(VecScatterEnd(gscat, X, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, SCATTER_FORWARD));
    PetscCall(SNESGetDM(subsnes, &subdm));
    PetscCall(DMSubDomainRestrict(dm, oscat, gscat, subdm));
    if (nasm->fjtype != 1) {
      PetscCall(DMLocalToGlobalBegin(subdm, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, Xl));
      PetscCall(DMLocalToGlobalEnd(subdm, Xlloc, INSERT_VALUES, Xl));
    }
    if (subsnes->lagjacobian == -1) subsnes->lagjacobian = -2;
    else if (subsnes->lagjacobian > 1) lag = subsnes->lagjacobian;
    PetscCall(SNESComputeFunction(subsnes, Xl, Fl));
    PetscCall(SNESComputeJacobian(subsnes, Xl, subsnes->jacobian, subsnes->jacobian_pre));
    if (lag > 1) subsnes->lagjacobian = lag;
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

static PetscErrorCode SNESSolve_NASM(SNES snes)
{
  Vec              F;
  Vec              X;
  Vec              B;
  Vec              Y;
  PetscInt         i;
  PetscReal        fnorm = 0.0;
  SNESNormSchedule normschedule;
  SNES_NASM       *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(!snes->xl & !snes->xu && !snes->ops->computevariablebounds, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_WRONGSTATE, "SNES solver %s does not support bounds", ((PetscObject)snes)->type_name);

  PetscCall(PetscCitationsRegister(SNESCitation, &SNEScite));
  X = snes->vec_sol;
  Y = snes->vec_sol_update;
  F = snes->vec_func;
  B = snes->vec_rhs;

  PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsTakeAccess((PetscObject)snes));
  snes->iter = 0;
  snes->norm = 0.;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsGrantAccess((PetscObject)snes));
  snes->reason = SNES_CONVERGED_ITERATING;
  PetscCall(SNESGetNormSchedule(snes, &normschedule));
  if (normschedule == SNES_NORM_ALWAYS || normschedule == SNES_NORM_INITIAL_ONLY || normschedule == SNES_NORM_INITIAL_FINAL_ONLY || !snes->max_its) {
    /* compute the initial function and preconditioned update delX */
    if (!snes->vec_func_init_set) {
      PetscCall(SNESComputeFunction(snes, X, F));
    } else snes->vec_func_init_set = PETSC_FALSE;

    PetscCall(VecNorm(F, NORM_2, &fnorm)); /* fnorm <- ||F||  */
    SNESCheckFunctionNorm(snes, fnorm);
    PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsTakeAccess((PetscObject)snes));
    snes->iter = 0;
    snes->norm = fnorm;
    PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsGrantAccess((PetscObject)snes));
    PetscCall(SNESLogConvergenceHistory(snes, snes->norm, 0));

    /* test convergence */
    PetscCall(SNESConverged(snes, 0, 0.0, 0.0, fnorm));
    PetscCall(SNESMonitor(snes, 0, snes->norm));
    if (snes->reason) PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
  } else {
    PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsGrantAccess((PetscObject)snes));
    PetscCall(SNESLogConvergenceHistory(snes, snes->norm, 0));
    PetscCall(SNESMonitor(snes, snes->iter, snes->norm));
  }

  /* Call general purpose update function */
  PetscTryTypeMethod(snes, update, snes->iter);
  /* copy the initial solution over for later */
  if (nasm->fjtype == 2) PetscCall(VecCopy(X, nasm->xinit));

  for (i = 0; i < snes->max_its; i++) {
    PetscCall(SNESNASMSolveLocal_Private(snes, B, Y, X));
    if (normschedule == SNES_NORM_ALWAYS || ((i == snes->max_its - 1) && (normschedule == SNES_NORM_INITIAL_FINAL_ONLY || normschedule == SNES_NORM_FINAL_ONLY))) {
      PetscCall(SNESComputeFunction(snes, X, F));
      PetscCall(VecNorm(F, NORM_2, &fnorm)); /* fnorm <- ||F||  */
      SNESCheckFunctionNorm(snes, fnorm);
    }
    /* Monitor convergence */
    PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsTakeAccess((PetscObject)snes));
    snes->iter = i + 1;
    snes->norm = fnorm;
    PetscCall(PetscObjectSAWsGrantAccess((PetscObject)snes));
    PetscCall(SNESLogConvergenceHistory(snes, snes->norm, 0));
    /* Test for convergence */
    PetscCall(SNESConverged(snes, snes->iter, 0.0, 0.0, fnorm));
    PetscCall(SNESMonitor(snes, snes->iter, snes->norm));
    if (snes->reason) break;
    /* Call general purpose update function */
    PetscTryTypeMethod(snes, update, snes->iter);
  }
  if (nasm->finaljacobian) {
    PetscCall(SNESNASMComputeFinalJacobian_Private(snes, X));
    SNESCheckJacobianDomainerror(snes);
  }
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*MC
  SNESNASM - Nonlinear Additive Schwarz solver {cite}`ck02`, {cite}`bruneknepleysmithtu15`

   Options Database Keys:
+  -snes_nasm_log                                                - enable logging events for the communication and solve stages
.  -snes_nasm_type <basic,restrict>                              - type of subdomain update used
.  -snes_nasm_damping <dmp>                                      - the new solution is obtained as old solution plus dmp times (sum of the solutions on the subdomains)
.  -snes_nasm_finaljacobian                                      - compute the local and global Jacobians of the final iterate
.  -snes_nasm_finaljacobian_type <finalinner,finalouter,initial> - pick state the Jacobian is calculated at
.  -sub_snes_                                                    - options prefix of the subdomain nonlinear solves
.  -sub_ksp_                                                     - options prefix of the subdomain Krylov solver
-  -sub_pc_                                                      - options prefix of the subdomain preconditioner

   Level: advanced

   Note:
   This is not often used directly as a solver, it converges too slowly. However it works well as a nonlinear preconditioner for
   the `SNESASPIN` solver

   Developer Note:
   This is a non-Newton based nonlinear solver that does not directly require a Jacobian; hence the flag snes->usesksp is set to
   false and `SNESView()` and -snes_view do not display a `KSP` object. However, if the flag nasm->finaljacobian is set (for example, if
   `SNESNASM` is used as a nonlinear preconditioner for  `SNESASPIN`) then `SNESSetUpMatrices()` is called to generate the
   Jacobian (needed by `SNESASPIN`)
   and this utilizes the inner `KSP` object for storing the matrices, but the `KSP` is never used for solving a linear system. When `SNESNASM` is
   used by `SNESASPIN` they share the same Jacobian matrices because `SNESSetUp()` (called on the outer `SNESASPIN`) causes the inner `SNES`
   object (in this case `SNESNASM`) to inherit the outer Jacobian matrices.

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESCreate()`, `SNES`, `SNESSetType()`, `SNESType`, `SNESNASMSetType()`, `SNESNASMGetType()`, `SNESNASMSetSubdomains()`, `SNESNASMGetSubdomains()`,
          `SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs()`, `SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian()`, `SNESNASMSetDamping()`, `SNESNASMGetDamping()`, `SNESNASMSetWeight()`,
          `SNESNASMGetSNES()`, `SNESNASMGetNumber()`
M*/

PETSC_EXTERN PetscErrorCode SNESCreate_NASM(SNES snes)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(PetscNew(&nasm));
  snes->data = (void *)nasm;

  nasm->n             = PETSC_DECIDE;
  nasm->subsnes       = NULL;
  nasm->x             = NULL;
  nasm->xl            = NULL;
  nasm->y             = NULL;
  nasm->b             = NULL;
  nasm->oscatter      = NULL;
  nasm->oscatter_copy = NULL;
  nasm->iscatter      = NULL;
  nasm->gscatter      = NULL;
  nasm->damping       = 1.;

  nasm->type          = PC_ASM_BASIC;
  nasm->finaljacobian = PETSC_FALSE;
  nasm->weight_set    = PETSC_FALSE;

  snes->ops->destroy        = SNESDestroy_NASM;
  snes->ops->setup          = SNESSetUp_NASM;
  snes->ops->setfromoptions = SNESSetFromOptions_NASM;
  snes->ops->view           = SNESView_NASM;
  snes->ops->solve          = SNESSolve_NASM;
  snes->ops->reset          = SNESReset_NASM;

  snes->usesksp = PETSC_FALSE;
  snes->usesnpc = PETSC_FALSE;

  snes->alwayscomputesfinalresidual = PETSC_FALSE;

  nasm->fjtype              = 0;
  nasm->xinit               = NULL;
  nasm->eventrestrictinterp = 0;
  nasm->eventsubsolve       = 0;

  if (!snes->tolerancesset) {
    snes->max_its   = 10000;
    snes->max_funcs = 10000;
  }

  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetType_C", SNESNASMSetType_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetType_C", SNESNASMGetType_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetSubdomains_C", SNESNASMSetSubdomains_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomains_C", SNESNASMGetSubdomains_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetDamping_C", SNESNASMSetDamping_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetDamping_C", SNESNASMGetDamping_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs_C", SNESNASMGetSubdomainVecs_NASM));
  PetscCall(PetscObjectComposeFunction((PetscObject)snes, "SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian_C", SNESNASMSetComputeFinalJacobian_NASM));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetSNES - Gets a subsolver

  Not Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes - the `SNES` context
- i    - the number of the subsnes to get

  Output Parameter:
. subsnes - the subsolver context

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetNumber()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetSNES(SNES snes, PetscInt i, SNES *subsnes)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCheck(i >= 0 && i < nasm->n, PetscObjectComm((PetscObject)snes), PETSC_ERR_ARG_OUTOFRANGE, "No such subsolver");
  *subsnes = nasm->subsnes[i];
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMGetNumber - Gets number of subsolvers

  Not Collective

  Input Parameter:
. snes - the `SNES` context

  Output Parameter:
. n - the number of subsolvers

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESNASM`, `SNESNASMGetSNES()`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMGetNumber(SNES snes, PetscInt *n)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  *n = nasm->n;
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}

/*@
  SNESNASMSetWeight - Sets weight to use when adding overlapping updates

  Collective

  Input Parameters:
+ snes   - the `SNES` context
- weight - the weights to use (typically 1/N for each dof, where N is the number of patches it appears in)

  Level: intermediate

.seealso: [](ch_snes), `SNESNASM`
@*/
PetscErrorCode SNESNASMSetWeight(SNES snes, Vec weight)
{
  SNES_NASM *nasm = (SNES_NASM *)snes->data;

  PetscFunctionBegin;
  PetscCall(VecDestroy(&nasm->weight));
  nasm->weight_set = PETSC_TRUE;
  nasm->weight     = weight;
  PetscCall(PetscObjectReference((PetscObject)nasm->weight));
  PetscFunctionReturn(PETSC_SUCCESS);
}
