/*
 * services/cache/dns.h - Cache services for DNS using msg and rrset caches.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007, NLnet Labs. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This software is open source.
 * 
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 
 * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 
 * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
 * this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
 * and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 
 * Neither the name of the NLNET LABS nor the names of its contributors may
 * be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
 * specific prior written permission.
 * 
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
 * "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
 * LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
 * A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
 * HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
 * SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
 * TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
 * PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
 * NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
 * SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

/**
 * \file
 *
 * This file contains the DNS cache.
 */

#ifndef SERVICES_CACHE_DNS_H
#define SERVICES_CACHE_DNS_H
#include "util/storage/lruhash.h"
#include "util/data/msgreply.h"
struct module_env;
struct query_info;
struct reply_info;
struct regional;
struct delegpt;

/** Flags to control behavior of dns_cache_store() and dns_cache_store_msg().
 *  Must be an unsigned 32-bit value larger than 0xffff */

/** Allow caching a DNS message with a zero TTL. */
#define DNSCACHE_STORE_ZEROTTL 0x100000

/**
 * Region allocated message reply
 */
struct dns_msg {
	/** query info */
	struct query_info qinfo;
	/** reply info - ptr to packed repinfo structure */
	struct reply_info *rep;
};

/**
 * Allocate a dns_msg with malloc/alloc structure and store in dns cache.
 *
 * @param env: environment, with alloc structure and dns cache.
 * @param qinf: query info, the query for which answer is stored.
 * 	this is allocated in a region, and will be copied to malloc area
 * 	before insertion.
 * @param rep: reply in dns_msg from dns_alloc_msg for example.
 * 	this is allocated in a region, and will be copied to malloc area
 * 	before insertion.
 * @param is_referral: If true, then the given message to be stored is a
 *      referral. The cache implementation may use this as a hint.
 *      It will store only the RRsets, not the message.
 * @param leeway: TTL value, if not 0, other rrsets are considered expired
 *	that many seconds before actual TTL expiry.
 * @param pside: if true, information came from a server which was fetched
 * 	from the parentside of the zonecut.  This means that the type NS
 * 	can be updated to full TTL even in prefetch situations.
 * @param region: region to allocate better entries from cache into.
 *   (used when is_referral is false).
 * @param flags: flags with BIT_CD for AAAA queries in dns64 translation.
 *   The higher 16 bits are used internally to customize the cache policy.
 *   (See DNSCACHE_STORE_xxx flags).
 * @param qstarttime: time when the query was started, and thus when the
 * 	delegations were looked up.
 * @return 0 on alloc error (out of memory).
 */
int dns_cache_store(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinf,
        struct reply_info* rep, int is_referral, time_t leeway, int pside,
	struct regional* region, uint32_t flags, time_t qstarttime);

/**
 * Store message in the cache. Stores in message cache and rrset cache.
 * Both qinfo and rep should be malloced and are put in the cache.
 * They should not be used after this call, as they are then in shared cache.
 * Does not return errors, they are logged and only lead to less cache.
 *
 * @param env: module environment with the DNS cache.
 * @param qinfo: query info
 * @param hash: hash over qinfo.
 * @param rep: reply info, together with qinfo makes up the message.
 *	Adjusts the reply info TTLs to absolute time.
 * @param leeway: TTL value, if not 0, other rrsets are considered expired
 *	that many seconds before actual TTL expiry.
 * @param pside: if true, information came from a server which was fetched
 * 	from the parentside of the zonecut.  This means that the type NS
 * 	can be updated to full TTL even in prefetch situations.
 * @param qrep: message that can be altered with better rrs from cache.
 * @param flags: customization flags for the cache policy.
 * @param qstarttime: time when the query was started, and thus when the
 * 	delegations were looked up.
 * @param region: to allocate into for qmsg.
 */
void dns_cache_store_msg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
	hashvalue_type hash, struct reply_info* rep, time_t leeway, int pside,
	struct reply_info* qrep, uint32_t flags, struct regional* region,
	time_t qstarttime);

/**
 * Find a delegation from the cache.
 * @param env: module environment with the DNS cache.
 * @param qname: query name.
 * @param qnamelen: length of qname.
 * @param qtype: query type.
 * @param qclass: query class.
 * @param region: where to allocate result delegation.
 * @param msg: if not NULL, delegation message is returned here, synthesized
 *	from the cache.
 * @param timenow: the time now, for checking if TTL on cache entries is OK.
 * @param noexpiredabove: if set, no expired NS rrsets above the one found
 * 	are tolerated. It only returns delegations where the delegations above
 * 	it are valid.
 * @param expiretop: if not NULL, name where check for expiry ends for
 * 	noexpiredabove.
 * @param expiretoplen: length of expiretop dname.
 * @return new delegation or NULL on error or if not found in cache.
 */
struct delegpt* dns_cache_find_delegation(struct module_env* env, 
	uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass, 
	struct regional* region, struct dns_msg** msg, time_t timenow,
	int noexpiredabove, uint8_t* expiretop, size_t expiretoplen);

/**
 * generate dns_msg from cached message
 * @param env: module environment with the DNS cache. NULL if the LRU from cache
 * 	does not need to be touched.
 * @param q: query info, contains qname that will make up the dns message.
 * @param r: reply info that, together with qname, will make up the dns message.
 * @param region: where to allocate dns message.
 * @param now: the time now, for check if TTL on cache entry is ok.
 * @param allow_expired: if true and serve-expired is enabled, it will allow
 *	for expired dns_msg to be generated based on the configured serve-expired
 *	logic.
 * @param scratch: where to allocate temporary data.
 * */
struct dns_msg* tomsg(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* q,
	struct reply_info* r, struct regional* region, time_t now,
	int allow_expired, struct regional* scratch);

/**
 * Deep copy a dns_msg to a region.
 * @param origin: the dns_msg to copy.
 * @param region: the region to copy all the data to.
 * @return the new dns_msg or NULL on malloc error.
 */
struct dns_msg* dns_msg_deepcopy_region(struct dns_msg* origin,
	struct regional* region);

/** 
 * Find cached message 
 * @param env: module environment with the DNS cache.
 * @param qname: query name.
 * @param qnamelen: length of qname.
 * @param qtype: query type.
 * @param qclass: query class.
 * @param flags: flags with BIT_CD for AAAA queries in dns64 translation.
 * @param region: where to allocate result.
 * @param scratch: where to allocate temporary data.
 * @param no_partial: if true, only complete messages and not a partial
 *	one (with only the start of the CNAME chain and not the rest).
 * @param dpname: if not NULL, do not return NXDOMAIN above this name.
 * @param dpnamelen: length of dpname.
 * @return new response message (alloced in region, rrsets do not have IDs).
 * 	or NULL on error or if not found in cache.
 *	TTLs are made relative to the current time.
 */
struct dns_msg* dns_cache_lookup(struct module_env* env,
	uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass,
	uint16_t flags, struct regional* region, struct regional* scratch,
	int no_partial, uint8_t* dpname, size_t dpnamelen);

/** 
 * find and add A and AAAA records for missing nameservers in delegpt 
 * @param env: module environment with rrset cache
 * @param qclass: which class to look in.
 * @param region: where to store new dp info.
 * @param dp: delegation point to fill missing entries.
 * @return false on alloc failure.
 */
int cache_fill_missing(struct module_env* env, uint16_t qclass, 
	struct regional* region, struct delegpt* dp);

/**
 * Utility, create new, unpacked data structure for cache response.
 * QR bit set, no AA. Query set as indicated. Space for number of rrsets.
 * @param qname: query section name
 * @param qnamelen: len of qname
 * @param qtype: query section type
 * @param qclass: query section class
 * @param region: where to alloc.
 * @param capacity: number of rrsets space to create in the array.
 * @return new dns_msg struct or NULL on mem fail.
 */
struct dns_msg* dns_msg_create(uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, 
	uint16_t qclass, struct regional* region, size_t capacity);

/**
 * Add rrset to authority section in unpacked dns_msg message. Must have enough
 * space left, does not grow the array.
 * @param msg: msg to put it in.
 * @param region: region to alloc in
 * @param rrset: to add in authority section
 * @param now: now.
 * @return true if worked, false on fail
 */
int dns_msg_authadd(struct dns_msg* msg, struct regional* region, 
	struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset, time_t now);

/**
 * Add rrset to authority section in unpacked dns_msg message. Must have enough
 * space left, does not grow the array.
 * @param msg: msg to put it in.
 * @param region: region to alloc in
 * @param rrset: to add in authority section
 * @param now: now.
 * @return true if worked, false on fail
 */
int dns_msg_ansadd(struct dns_msg* msg, struct regional* region, 
	struct ub_packed_rrset_key* rrset, time_t now);

/**
 * Adjust the prefetch_ttl for a cached message.  This adds a value to the
 * prefetch ttl - postponing the time when it will be prefetched for future
 * incoming queries.
 * @param env: module environment with caches and time.
 * @param qinfo: query info for the query that needs adjustment.
 * @param adjust: time in seconds to add to the prefetch_leeway.
 * @param flags: flags with BIT_CD for AAAA queries in dns64 translation.
 * @return false if not in cache. true if added.
 */
int dns_cache_prefetch_adjust(struct module_env* env, struct query_info* qinfo,
        time_t adjust, uint16_t flags);

/** lookup message in message cache
 * the returned nonNULL entry is locked and has to be unlocked by the caller */
struct msgreply_entry* msg_cache_lookup(struct module_env* env,
	uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen, uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass,
	uint16_t flags, time_t now, int wr);

/**
 * Remove entry from the message cache.  For unwanted entries.
 * @param env: with message cache.
 * @param qname: query name, in wireformat
 * @param qnamelen: length of qname, including terminating 0.
 * @param qtype: query type, host order.
 * @param qclass: query class, host order.
 * @param flags: flags
 */
void msg_cache_remove(struct module_env* env, uint8_t* qname, size_t qnamelen,
	uint16_t qtype, uint16_t qclass, uint16_t flags);

#endif /* SERVICES_CACHE_DNS_H */
