# Backup

A backup object encapsulates copying one database to another. You call `Connection.backup()` on the destination database to get the Backup object. Call `step()` to copy some pages repeatedly dealing with errors as appropriate. Finally `finish()` cleans up committing or rolling back and releasing locks.

See the example.

## Important details

The database is copied page by page. This means that there is not a round trip via SQL. All pages are copied including free ones.

The destination database is locked during the copy. You will get a `ThreadingViolationError` if you attempt to use it.

The source database can change during the backup. SQLite will come back and copy those changes too until the backup is complete.

## Backup class

class apsw.Backup

  You create a backup instance by calling `Connection.backup()`.

Backup.__enter__() → Backup

  You can use the backup object as a context manager as defined in PEP 0343. The `__exit__()` method ensures that backup is `finished`.

Backup.__exit__(etype: type[BaseException] | None, evalue: BaseException | None, etraceback: types.TracebackType | None) → bool | None

  Implements context manager in conjunction with `__enter__()` ensuring that the copy is `finished`.

Backup.close(force: bool = False) → None

  Does the same thing as `finish()`. This extra api is provided to give the same api as other APSW objects and files. It is safe to call this method multiple times.

  Parameters:

    force – If true then any exceptions are ignored.

Backup.done: bool

  A boolean that is True if the copy completed in the last call to `step()`.

Backup.finish() → None

  Completes the copy process. If all pages have been copied then the transaction is committed on the destination database, otherwise it is rolled back. This method must be called for your backup to take effect. The backup object will always be finished even if there is an exception. It is safe to call this method multiple times.

  Calls: sqlite3_backup_finish

Backup.page_count: int

  Read only. How many pages were in the source database after the last step. If you haven’t called `step()` or the backup object has been `finished` then zero is returned.

  Calls: sqlite3_backup_pagecount

Backup.remaining: int

  Read only. How many pages were remaining to be copied after the last step. If you haven’t called `step()` or the backup object has been `finished` then zero is returned.

  Calls: sqlite3_backup_remaining

Backup.step(npages: int = -1) → bool

  Copies npages pages from the source to destination database. The source database is locked during the copy so using smaller values allows other access to the source database. The destination database is always locked until the backup object is `finished`.

  Parameters:

    npages – How many pages to copy. If the parameter is omitted or negative then all remaining pages are copied.

  This method may throw a `BusyError` or `LockedError` if unable to lock the source database. You can catch those and try again.

  Returns:

    True if this copied the last remaining outstanding pages, else False. This is the same value as `done`

  Calls: sqlite3_backup_step