# firewall-cmd

firewall-cmd

1

firewall-cmd

firewalld command line client

          firewall-cmd OPTIONS

## Description

firewall-cmd is the command line client of the firewalld daemon. It provides an interface to manage the runtime and permanent configurations.

The runtime configuration in firewalld is separated from the permanent configuration. This means that things can get changed in the runtime or permanent configuration.

## Options

Sequence options are the options that can be specified multiple times, the exit code is 0 if there is at least one item that succeeded. The `ALREADY_ENABLED` (11), `NOT_ENABLED` (12) and also `ZONE_ALREADY_SET` (16) errors are treated as succeeded. If there are issues while parsing the items, then these are treated as warnings and will not change the result as long as there is a succeeded one. Without any succeeded item, the exit code will depend on the error codes. If there is exactly one error code, then this is used. If there are more than one then `UNKNOWN_ERROR` (254) will be used.

The following options are supported:

### General Options

`-h`

`--help`

- Prints a short help text and exits.

`-V`

`--version`

- Print the version string of firewalld. This option is not combinable with other options.

`-q`

`--quiet`

- Do not print status messages.

### Status Options

`--state`

- Check whether the firewalld daemon is active (i.e. running). Returns an exit code 0 if it is active, `RUNNING_BUT_FAILED` if failure occurred on startup, `NOT_RUNNING` otherwise. See exit_codes. This will also print the state to `STDOUT`.

`--reload`

- Reload firewall rules and keep state information. Current permanent configuration will become new runtime configuration, i.e. all runtime only changes done until reload are lost with reload if they have not been also in permanent configuration.

  Note: If FlushAllOnReload=no, runtime changes applied via the direct interface are not affected and will therefore stay in place until firewalld daemon is restarted completely. For FlushAllOnReload, see

  firewalld.conf

  5.

`--complete-reload`

- Reload firewall completely, even netfilter kernel modules. This will most likely terminate active connections, because state information is lost. This option should only be used in case of severe firewall problems. For example if there are state information problems that no connection can be established with correct firewall rules.

  Note: If FlushAllOnReload=no, runtime changes applied via the direct interface are not affected and will therefore stay in place until firewalld daemon is restarted completely. For FlushAllOnReload, see

  firewalld.conf

  5.

`--runtime-to-permanent`

- Save active runtime configuration and overwrite permanent configuration with it. The way this is supposed to work is that when configuring firewalld you do runtime changes only and once you're happy with the configuration and you tested that it works the way you want, you save the configuration to disk.

`--check-config`

- Run checks on the permanent configuration. This includes XML validity and semantics.

`--reset-to-defaults`

- Reset configuration to firewalld's default configuration.

### Log Denied Options

`--get-log-denied`

- Print the log denied setting.

`--set-log-denied`=`value`

- Add logging rules right before reject and drop rules in the INPUT, FORWARD and OUTPUT chains for the default rules and also final reject and drop rules in zones for the configured link-layer packet type. The possible values are: `all`, `unicast`, `broadcast`, `multicast` and `off`. The default setting is `off`, which disables the logging.

  This is a runtime and permanent change and will also reload the firewall to be able to add the logging rules.

### Permanent Options

`--permanent`

- The permanent option `--permanent` can be used to set options permanently. These changes are not effective immediately, only after service restart/reload or system reboot. Without the `--permanent` option, a change will only be part of the runtime configuration.

  If you want to make a change in runtime and permanent configuration, use the same call with and without the `--permanent` option.

  The `--permanent` option can be optionally added to all options further down where it is supported.

### Zone Options

`--get-default-zone`

- Print default zone for connections and interfaces.

`--set-default-zone`=`zone`

- Set default zone for connections and interfaces where no zone has been selected. Setting the default zone changes the zone for the connections or interfaces, that are using the default zone.

  This is a runtime and permanent change.

`--get-active-zones`

- Print currently active zones altogether with interfaces and sources used in these zones. Active zones are zones, that have a binding to an interface or source. The output format is:

      zone1
        interfaces: interface1 interface2 ..
        sources: source1 ..
      zone2
        interfaces: interface3 ..
      zone3
        sources: source2 ..

  If there are no interfaces or sources bound to the zone, the corresponding line will be omitted.

`--permanent` `--get-zones`

- Print predefined zones as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--get-services`

- Print predefined services as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--get-icmptypes`

- Print predefined icmptypes as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--get-zone-of-interface`=`interface`

- Print the name of the zone the `interface` is bound to or no zone.

`--permanent` `--get-zone-of-source`=`source`/`mask`|`MAC`|ipset:`ipset`

- Print the name of the zone the source is bound to or no zone.

`--permanent` `--info-zone=`zone``

- Print information about the zone `zone`. The output format is:

      zone
        interfaces: interface1 ..
        sources: source1 ..
        services: service1 ..
        ports: port1 ..
        protocols: protocol1 ..
        forward-ports:
              forward-port1
              ..
        source-ports: source-port1 ..
        icmp-blocks: icmp-type1 ..
        rich rules:
              rich-rule1
              ..

`--permanent` `--list-all-zones`

- List everything added for or enabled in all zones. The output format is:

      zone1
        interfaces: interface1 ..
        sources: source1 ..
        services: service1 ..
        ports: port1 ..
        protocols: protocol1 ..
        forward-ports:
              forward-port1
              ..
        icmp-blocks: icmp-type1 ..
        rich rules:
              rich-rule1
              ..
      ..

`--permanent` `--new-zone`=`zone`

- Add a new permanent and empty zone.

  Zone names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '_' and '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-zone-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`zone`

- Add a new permanent zone from a prepared zone file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--delete-zone`=`zone`

- Delete an existing permanent zone.

`--permanent` `--load-zone-defaults`=`zone`

- Load zone default settings or report NO_DEFAULTS error.

`--permanent` `--path-zone=`zone``

- Print path of the zone configuration file.

### Policy Options

`--permanent` `--get-policies`

- Print predefined policies as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--info-policy`=`policy`

- Print information about the policy `policy`.

`--permanent` `--list-all-policies`

- List everything added for or enabled in all policies.

`--permanent` `--new-policy`=`policy`

- Add a new permanent policy.

  Policy names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '_' and '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-policy-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`policy`

- Add a new permanent policy from a prepared policy file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--path-policy`=`policy`

- Print path of the policy configuration file.

`--permanent` `--delete-policy`=`policy`

- Delete an existing permanent policy.

`--permanent` `--load-policy-defaults`=`policy`

- Load the shipped defaults for a policy. Only applies to policies shipped with firewalld. Does not apply to user defined policies.

### Options to Adapt and Query Zones and Policies

Options in this section affect only one particular zone or policy. If used with `--zone`=`zone` or `--policy`=`policy` option, they affect the specified zone or policy. If both options are omitted, they affect the default zone (see `--get-default-zone`).

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-all`

- List everything added or enabled.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--get-target`

- Get the target.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--set-target`=`target`

- Set the target.

  For zones `target` is one of: `default`, `ACCEPT`, `DROP`, `REJECT`

  For policies `target` is one of: `CONTINUE`, `ACCEPT`, `DROP`, `REJECT`

  `default` is similar to `REJECT`, but it implicitly allows ICMP packets.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--set-description`=`description`

- Set description.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--get-description`

- Print description.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--set-short`=`description`

- Set short description.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--policy`=`policy` `--get-short`

- Print short description.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-services`

- List services added as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-service`=`service` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add a service. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The service is one of the firewalld provided services. To get a list of the supported services, use `firewall-cmd --get-services`.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

  Note: Some services define connection tracking helpers. Helpers that may operate in client mode (e.g. tftp) must be added to an outbound policy instead of a zone to take effect for clients. Otherwise the helper will not be applied to the outbound traffic. The related traffic, as defined by the connection tracking helper, on the return path (ingress) will be allowed by the stateful firewall rules.

  An example of an outbound policy for connection tracking helpers:

      # firewall-cmd --permanent --new-policy clientConntrack
      # firewall-cmd --permanent --policy clientConntrack --add-ingress-zone HOST
      # firewall-cmd --permanent --policy clientConntrack --add-egress-zone ANY
      # firewall-cmd --permanent --policy clientConntrack --add-service tftp

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-service`=`service`

- Remove a service. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-service`=`service`

- Return whether `service` has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-ports`

- List ports added as a space separated list. A port is of the form `portid`-`portid`/`protocol`, it can be either a port and protocol pair or a port range with a protocol.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add the port. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The port can either be a single port number or a port range `portid`-`portid`. The protocol can either be `tcp`, `udp`, `sctp` or `dccp`.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Remove the port. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Return whether the port has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-protocols`

- List protocols added as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-protocol`=`protocol` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add the protocol. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The protocol can be any protocol supported by the system. Please have a look at `/etc/protocols` for supported protocols.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-protocol`=`protocol`

- Remove the protocol. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-protocol`=`protocol`

- Return whether the protocol has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-source-ports`

- List source ports added as a space separated list. A port is of the form `portid`-`portid`/`protocol`.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add the source port. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The port can either be a single port number or a port range `portid`-`portid`. The protocol can either be `tcp`, `udp`, `sctp` or `dccp`.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Remove the source port. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Return whether the source port has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-icmp-blocks`

- List Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) type blocks added as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-icmp-block`=`icmptype` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add an ICMP block for `icmptype`. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The `icmptype` is the one of the icmp types firewalld supports. To get a listing of supported icmp types: `firewall-cmd --get-icmptypes`

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-icmp-block`=`icmptype`

- Remove the ICMP block for `icmptype`. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-icmp-block`=`icmptype`

- Return whether an ICMP block for `icmptype` has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-forward-ports`

- List IPv4 forward ports added as a space separated list.

  For IPv6 forward ports, please use the rich language.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-forward-port`=port=`portid`-`portid`:proto=`protocol`:toport=`portid`-`portid`:toaddr=`address`/`mask` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add the IPv4 forward port. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the rule will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  The port can either be a single port number `portid` or a port range `portid`-`portid`. The protocol can either be `tcp`, `udp`, `sctp` or `dccp`. The destination address is a simple IP address.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

  For IPv6 forward ports, please use the rich language.

  Note: IP forwarding will be implicitly enabled if `toaddr` is specified.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-forward-port`=port=`portid`-`portid`:proto=`protocol`:toport=`portid`-`portid`:toaddr=`address`/`mask`

- Remove the IPv4 forward port. This option can be specified multiple times.

  For IPv6 forward ports, please use the rich language.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-forward-port`=port=`portid`-`portid`:proto=`protocol`:toport=`portid`-`portid`:toaddr=`address`/`mask`

- Return whether the IPv4 forward port has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

  For IPv6 forward ports, please use the rich language.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-masquerade` `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Enable IPv4 masquerade. If a timeout is supplied, masquerading will be active for the specified amount of time. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`. Masquerading is useful if the machine is a router and machines connected over an interface in another zone should be able to use the first connection.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

  For IPv6 masquerading, please use the rich language.

  Note: IP forwarding will be implicitly enabled.

  Note (Linux < 5.5): For the iptables backend, a policy may not enable masquerade if an ingress zone has assigned interfaces. This restriction does not exist for the nftables backend, but does require Linux v5.5+ to function properly; otherwise it will silently fail.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-masquerade`

- Disable IPv4 masquerade. If the masquerading was enabled with a timeout, it will be disabled also.

  For IPv6 masquerading, please use the rich language.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-masquerade`

- Return whether IPv4 masquerading has been enabled. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

  For IPv6 masquerading, please use the rich language.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-rich-rules`

- List rich language rules added as a newline separated list.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-rich-rule`='`rule`' `--timeout`=`timeval`

- Add rich language rule '`rule`'. This option can be specified multiple times. If a timeout is supplied, the `rule` will be active for the specified amount of time and will be removed automatically afterwards. `timeval` is either a number (of seconds) or number followed by one of characters `s` (seconds), `m` (minutes), `h` (hours), for example `20m` or `1h`.

  For the rich language rule syntax, please have a look at

  firewalld.richlanguage

  5.

  The `--timeout` option is not combinable with the `--permanent` option.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-rich-rule`='`rule`'

- Remove rich language rule '`rule`'. This option can be specified multiple times.

  For the rich language rule syntax, please have a look at

  firewalld.richlanguage

  5.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-rich-rule`='`rule`'

- Return whether a rich language rule '`rule`' has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

  For the rich language rule syntax, please have a look at

  firewalld.richlanguage

  5.

### Options to Adapt and Query Zones

Options in this section affect only one particular zone. If used with `--zone`=`zone` option, they affect the specified zone. If the option is omitted, they affect default zone (see `--get-default-zone`).

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--add-icmp-block-inversion`

- Enable ICMP block inversion.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--remove-icmp-block-inversion`

- Disable ICMP block inversion.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--query-icmp-block-inversion`

- Return whether ICMP block inversion is enabled. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--add-forward`

- Enable intra zone forwarding.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--remove-forward`

- Disable intra zone forwarding.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--query-forward`

- Return whether intra zone forwarding is enabled. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--get-priority`

- Get the priority of the zone.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--set-priority`

- Set the zone's priority for packet classification. This will set both the ingress and egress priority.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--get-ingress-priority`

- Get the ingress priority of the zone.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--set-ingress-priority`

- Set the zone's ingress priority for packet classification.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--get-egress-priority`

- Get the egress priority of the zone.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--set-egress-priority`

- Set the zone's egress priority for packet classification.

### Options to Adapt and Query Policies

Options in this section affect only one particular policy. It's required to specify `--policy`=`policy` with these options.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--get-priority`

- Get the priority.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--set-priority`=`priority`

- Set the priority. The priority determines the relative ordering of policies. This is an integer value between -32768 and 32767 where -1 is the default value for new policies and 0 is reserved for internal use.

  If a priority is < 0, then the policy's rules will execute before all rules in all zones.

  If a priority is > 0, then the policy's rules will execute after all rules in all zones.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-ingress-zones`

- List ingress zones added as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-ingress-zone`=`zone`

- Add an ingress zone. This option can be specified multiple times.

  The ingress zone is one of the firewalld provided zones or one of the pseudo-zones: HOST, ANY.

  HOST is used for traffic originating from the host machine, i.e. the host running firewalld.

  ANY is used for traffic originating from any zone. This can be thought of as a wild card for zones. However it does not include traffic originating from the host machine - use HOST for that.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-ingress-zone`=`zone`

- Remove an ingress zone. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-ingress-zone`=`zone`

- Return whether `zone` has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--list-egress-zones`

- List egress zones added as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--add-egress-zone`=`zone`

- Add an egress zone. This option can be specified multiple times.

  The egress zone is one of the firewalld provided zones or one of the pseudo-zones: HOST, ANY.

  For clarification on HOST and ANY see option `--add-ingress-zone`.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--remove-egress-zone`=`zone`

- Remove an egress zone. This option can be specified multiple times.

`--permanent` `--policy`=`policy` `--query-egress-zone`=`zone`

- Return whether `zone` has been added. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

### Options to Handle Bindings of Interfaces

Binding an interface to a zone means that this zone settings are used to restrict traffic via the interface.

Options in this section affect only one particular zone. If used with `--zone`=`zone` option, they affect the zone `zone`. If the option is omitted, they affect default zone (see `--get-default-zone`).

For a list of predefined zones use `firewall-cmd --get-zones`.

An interface name is a string up to 16 characters long, that may not contain `' '`, `'/'`, `'!'` and `'*'`.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--list-interfaces`

- List interfaces that are bound to zone `zone` as a space separated list. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--add-interface`=`interface`

- Bind interface `interface` to zone `zone`. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

  If the interface is under control of NetworkManager, it is at first connected to change the zone for the connection that is using the interface. If this fails, the zone binding is created in firewalld and the limitations below apply. For interfaces that are not under control of NetworkManager, firewalld tries to change the ZONE setting in the ifcfg file, if the file exists.

  As a end user you don't need this in most cases, because NetworkManager (or legacy network service) adds interfaces into zones automatically (according to `ZONE=` option from ifcfg-`interface` file) if `NM_CONTROLLED=no` is not set. You should do it only if there's no /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-`interface` file. If there is such file and you add interface to zone with this `--add-interface` option, make sure the zone is the same in both cases, otherwise the behaviour would be undefined. Please also have a look at the

  firewalld

  1 man page in the `Concepts` section. For permanent association of interface with a zone, see also 'How to set or change a zone for a connection?' in

  firewalld.zones

  5.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--change-interface`=`interface`

- If the interface is under control of NetworkManager, it is at first connected to change the zone for the connection that is using the interface. If this fails, the zone binding is created in firewalld and the limitations below apply. For interfaces that are not under control of NetworkManager, firewalld tries to change the ZONE setting in the ifcfg file, if the file exists.

  Change zone the interface `interface` is bound to to zone `zone`. It's basically `--remove-interface` followed by `--add-interface`. If the interface has not been bound to a zone before, it behaves like `--add-interface`. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--query-interface`=`interface`

- Query whether interface `interface` is bound to zone `zone`. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--remove-interface`=`interface`

- If the interface is under control of NetworkManager, it is at first connected to change the zone for the connection that is using the interface. If this fails, the zone binding is created in firewalld and the limitations below apply.

  For the addition or change of interfaces that are not under control of NetworkManager: firewalld tries to change the ZONE setting in the ifcfg file, if an ifcfg file exists that is using the interface.

  Only for the removal of interfaces that are not under control of NetworkManager: firewalld is not trying to change the ZONE setting in the ifcfg file. This is needed to make sure that an ifdown of the interface will not result in a reset of the zone setting to the default zone. Only the zone binding is then removed in firewalld then.

  Remove binding of interface `interface` from zone it was previously added to.

### Options to Handle Bindings of Sources

Binding a source to a zone means that this zone settings will be used to restrict traffic from this source.

A source address or address range is either an IP address or a network IP address with a mask for IPv4 or IPv6 or a MAC address or an ipset with the ipset: prefix. For IPv4, the mask can be a network mask or a plain number. For IPv6 the mask is a plain number. The use of host names is not supported.

Options in this section affect only one particular zone. If used with `--zone`=`zone` option, they affect the zone `zone`. If the option is omitted, they affect default zone (see `--get-default-zone`).

For a list of predefined zones use `firewall-cmd `--permanent` --get-zones`.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--list-sources`

- List sources that are bound to zone `zone` as a space separated list. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--add-source`=`source`/`mask`|`MAC`|ipset:`ipset`

- Bind the source to zone `zone`. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

`--zone`=`zone` `--change-source`=`source`/`mask`|`MAC`|ipset:`ipset`

- Change zone the source is bound to to zone `zone`. It's basically `--remove-source` followed by `--add-source`. If the source has not been bound to a zone before, it behaves like `--add-source`. If zone is omitted, default zone will be used.

`--permanent` `--zone`=`zone` `--query-source`=`source`/`mask`|`MAC`|ipset:`ipset`

- Query whether the source is bound to the zone `zone`. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

`--permanent` `--remove-source`=`source`/`mask`|`MAC`|ipset:`ipset`

- Remove binding of the source from zone it was previously added to.

### IPSet Options

`--get-ipset-types`

- Print the supported ipset types.

`--permanent` `--new-ipset`=`ipset` `--type`=`type` `--family`=`inet`|`inet6` `--option`=`key`=`value`

- Add a new permanent and empty ipset with specifying the type and optional the family and options like `timeout`, `hashsize` and `maxelem`. For more information please have a look at

  ipset

  8 man page.

  ipset names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '_' and '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-ipset-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`ipset`

- Add a new permanent ipset from a prepared ipset file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--delete-ipset`=`ipset`

- Delete an existing permanent ipset.

`--permanent` `--load-ipset-defaults`=`ipset`

- Load ipset default settings or report NO_DEFAULTS error.

`--permanent` `--info-ipset=`ipset``

- Print information about the ipset `ipset`. The output format is:

      ipset
        type: type
        options: option1[=value1] ..
        entries: entry1 ..

`--permanent` `--get-ipsets`

- Print predefined ipsets as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--set-description`=`description`

- Set new description to ipset

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--get-description`

- Print description for ipset

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--set-short`=`description`

- Set short description to ipset

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--get-short`

- Print short description for ipset

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--add-entry`=`entry`

- Add a new entry to the ipset.

  Adding an entry to an ipset with option `timeout` is permitted, but these entries are not tracked by firewalld.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--remove-entry`=`entry`

- Remove an entry from the ipset.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--query-entry`=`entry`

- Return whether the entry has been added to an ipset. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

  Querying an ipset with a timeout will yield an error. Entries are not tracked for ipsets with a timeout.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--get-entries`

- List all entries of the ipset.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--add-entries-from-file`=`filename`

- Add a new entries to the ipset from the file. For all entries that are listed in the file but already in the ipset, a warning will be printed.

  The file should contain an entry per line. Lines starting with an hash or semicolon are ignored. Also empty lines.

`--permanent` `--ipset`=`ipset` `--remove-entries-from-file`=`filename`

- Remove existing entries from the ipset from the file. For all entries that are listed in the file but not in the ipset, a warning will be printed.

  The file should contain an entry per line. Lines starting with an hash or semicolon are ignored. Also empty lines.

`--permanent` `--path-ipset=`ipset``

- Print path of the ipset configuration file.

### Service Options

Options in this section affect only one particular service.

`--permanent` `--info-service=`service``

- Print information about the service `service`. The output format is:

      service
        ports: port1 ..
        protocols: protocol1 ..
        source-ports: source-port1 ..
        helpers: helper1 ..
        destination: ipv1:address1 ..

The following options are only usable in the permanent configuration.

`--permanent` `--new-service`=`service`

- Add a new permanent and empty service.

  Service names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '_' and '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-service-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`service`

- Add a new permanent service from a prepared service file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--delete-service`=`service`

- Delete an existing permanent service.

`--permanent` `--load-service-defaults`=`service`

- Load service default settings or report NO_DEFAULTS error.

`--permanent` `--path-service=`service``

- Print path of the service configuration file.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--set-description`=`description`

- Set new description to service

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-description`

- Print description for service

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--set-short`=`description`

- Set short description to service

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-short`

- Print short description for service

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--add-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Add a new port to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Remove a port from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Return whether the port has been added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-ports`

- List ports added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--add-protocol`=`protocol`

- Add a new protocol to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-protocol`=`protocol`

- Remove a protocol from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-protocol`=`protocol`

- Return whether the protocol has been added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-protocols`

- List protocols added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--add-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Add a new source port to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Remove a source port from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-source-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Return whether the source port has been added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-source-ports`

- List source ports added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--add-helper`=`helper`

- Add a new helper to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-helper`=`helper`

- Remove a helper from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-helper`=`helper`

- Return whether the helper has been added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-service-helpers`

- List helpers added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--set-destination`=`ipv`:`address`/`mask`

- Set destination for ipv to address[/mask] in the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-destination`=`ipv`

- Remove the destination for ipv from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-destination`=`ipv`:`address`/`mask`

- Return whether the destination ipv to address[/mask] has been set in the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-destinations`

- List destinations added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--add-include`=`service`

- Add a new include to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--remove-include`=`service`

- Remove a include from the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--query-include`=`service`

- Return whether the include has been added to the permanent service.

`--permanent` `--service`=`service` `--get-includes`

- List includes added to the permanent service.

### Helper Options

Options in this section affect only one particular helper.

`--permanent` `--info-helper=`helper``

- Print information about the helper `helper`. The output format is:

      helper
        family: family
        module: module
        ports: port1 ..

The following options are only usable in the permanent configuration.

`--permanent` `--new-helper`=`helper` `--module`=`nf_conntrack_module` `--family`=`ipv4`|`ipv6`

- Add a new permanent helper with module and optionally family defined.

  Helper names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-helper-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`helper`

- Add a new permanent helper from a prepared helper file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--delete-helper`=`helper`

- Delete an existing permanent helper.

`--permanent` `--load-helper-defaults`=`helper`

- Load helper default settings or report NO_DEFAULTS error.

`--permanent` `--path-helper=`helper``

- Print path of the helper configuration file.

`--permanent` `--get-helpers`

- Print predefined helpers as a space separated list.

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--set-description`=`description`

- Set new description to helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--get-description`

- Print description for helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--set-short`=`description`

- Set short description to helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--get-short`

- Print short description for helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--add-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Add a new port to the permanent helper.

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--remove-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Remove a port from the permanent helper.

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--query-port`=`portid`-`portid`/`protocol`

- Return whether the port has been added to the permanent helper.

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--get-ports`

- List ports added to the permanent helper.

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--set-module`=`description`

- Set module description for helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--get-module`

- Print module description for helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--set-family`=`description`

- Set family description for helper

`--permanent` `--helper`=`helper` `--get-family`

- Print family description of helper

### Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) type Options

Options in this section affect only one particular icmptype.

`--permanent` `--info-icmptype=`icmptype``

- Print information about the icmptype `icmptype`. The output format is:

      icmptype
        destination: ipv1 ..

The following options are only usable in the permanent configuration.

`--permanent` `--new-icmptype`=`icmptype`

- Add a new permanent and empty icmptype.

  ICMP type names must be alphanumeric and may additionally include characters: '_' and '-'.

`--permanent` `--new-icmptype-from-file`=`filename` `--name`=`icmptype`

- Add a new permanent icmptype from a prepared icmptype file with an optional name override.

`--permanent` `--delete-icmptype`=`icmptype`

- Delete an existing permanent icmptype.

`--permanent` `--load-icmptype-defaults`=`icmptype`

- Load icmptype default settings or report NO_DEFAULTS error.

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--set-description`=`description`

- Set new description to icmptype

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--get-description`

- Print description for icmptype

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--set-short`=`description`

- Set short description to icmptype

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--get-short`

- Print short description for icmptype

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--add-destination`=`ipv`

- Enable destination for ipv in permanent icmptype. ipv is one of `ipv4` or `ipv6`.

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--remove-destination`=`ipv`

- Disable destination for ipv in permanent icmptype. ipv is one of `ipv4` or `ipv6`.

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--query-destination`=`ipv`

- Return whether destination for ipv is enabled in permanent icmptype. ipv is one of `ipv4` or `ipv6`.

`--permanent` `--icmptype`=`icmptype` `--get-destinations`

- List destinations in permanent icmptype.

`--permanent` `--path-icmptype=`icmptype``

- Print path of the icmptype configuration file.

### Direct Options

#### DEPRECATED

The direct interface has been deprecated. It will be removed in a future release. It is superseded by policies, see

firewalld.policies

5.

The direct options give a more direct access to the firewall. These options require user to know basic iptables concepts, i.e. `table` (filter/mangle/nat/...), `chain` (INPUT/OUTPUT/FORWARD/...), `commands` (-A/-D/-I/...), `parameters` (-p/-s/-d/-j/...) and `targets` (ACCEPT/DROP/REJECT/...).

Direct options should be used only as a last resort when it's not possible to use for example `--add-service`=`service` or `--add-rich-rule`='`rule`'.

Warning: Direct rules behavior is different depending on the value of `FirewallBackend`. See `CAVEATS` in

firewalld.direct

5.

The first argument of each option has to be `ipv4` or `ipv6` or `eb`. With `ipv4` it will be for IPv4 (

iptables

8), with `ipv6` for IPv6 (

ip6tables

8) and with `eb` for ethernet bridges (

ebtables

8).

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-all-chains`

- Get all chains added to all tables. This option concerns only chains previously added with `--direct --add-chain`.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-chains` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table`

- Get all chains added to table `table` as a space separated list. This option concerns only chains previously added with `--direct --add-chain`.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--add-chain` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain`

- Add a new chain with name `chain` to table `table`. Make sure there's no other chain with this name already.

  There already exist basic chains to use with direct options, for example `INPUT_direct` chain (see `iptables-save | grep direct` output for all of them). These chains are jumped into before chains for zones, i.e. every rule put into `INPUT_direct` will be checked before rules in zones.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--remove-chain` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain`

- Remove chain with name `chain` from table `table`. Only chains previously added with `--direct --add-chain` can be removed this way.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--query-chain` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain`

- Return whether a chain with name `chain` exists in table `table`. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise. This option concerns only chains previously added with `--direct --add-chain`.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-all-rules`

- Get all rules added to all chains in all tables as a newline separated list of the priority and arguments. This option concerns only rules previously added with `--direct --add-rule`.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-rules` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain`

- Get all rules added to chain `chain` in table `table` as a newline separated list of the priority and arguments. This option concerns only rules previously added with `--direct --add-rule`.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--add-rule` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain` `priority` `args`

- Add a rule with the arguments `args` to chain `chain` in table `table` with priority `priority`.

  The `priority` is used to order rules. Priority 0 means add rule on top of the chain, with a higher priority the rule will be added further down. Rules with the same priority are on the same level and the order of these rules is not fixed and may change. If you want to make sure that a rule will be added after another one, use a low priority for the first and a higher for the following.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--remove-rule` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain` `priority` `args`

- Remove a rule with `priority` and the arguments `args` from chain `chain` in table `table`. Only rules previously added with `--direct --add-rule` can be removed this way.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--remove-rules` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain`

- Remove all rules in the chain with name `chain` exists in table `table`. This option concerns only rules previously added with `--direct --add-rule` in this chain.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--query-rule` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `table` `chain` `priority` `args`

- Return whether a rule with `priority` and the arguments `args` exists in chain `chain` in table `table`. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise. This option concerns only rules previously added with `--direct --add-rule`.

`--direct` `--passthrough` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `args`

- Pass a command through to the firewall. `args` can be all `iptables`, `ip6tables` and `ebtables` command line arguments. This command is untracked, which means that firewalld is not able to provide information about this command later on, also not a listing of the untracked passthoughs.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-all-passthroughs`

- Get all passthrough rules as a newline separated list of the ipv value and arguments.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--get-passthroughs` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` }

- Get all passthrough rules for the ipv value as a newline separated list of the priority and arguments.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--add-passthrough` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `args`

- Add a passthrough rule with the arguments `args` for the ipv value.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--remove-passthrough` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `args`

- Remove a passthrough rule with the arguments `args` for the ipv value.

`--permanent` `--direct` `--query-passthrough` { `ipv4` | `ipv6` | `eb` } `args`

- Return whether a passthrough rule with the arguments `args` exists for the ipv value. Returns 0 if true, 1 otherwise.

## Panic Options

`--panic-on`

- Enable panic mode. All incoming and outgoing packets are dropped, active connections will expire. Enable this only if there are serious problems with your network environment. For example if the machine is getting hacked in.

  This is a runtime only change.

`--panic-off`

- Disable panic mode. After disabling panic mode established connections might work again, if panic mode was enabled for a short period of time.

  This is a runtime only change.

`--query-panic`

- Returns 0 if panic mode is enabled, 1 otherwise.

## Examples

### Example 1

Enable http service in default zone. This is runtime only change, i.e. effective until restart.

    firewall-cmd --add-service=http

### Example 2

Enable port 443/tcp immediately and permanently in default zone. To make the change effective immediately and also after restart we need two commands. The first command makes the change in runtime configuration, i.e. makes it effective immediately, until restart. The second command makes the change in permanent configuration, i.e. makes it effective after restart.

    firewall-cmd --add-port=443/tcp
    firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=443/tcp

## Exit Codes

On success 0 is returned. On failure the output is red colored and exit code is either 2 in case of wrong command-line option usage or one of the following error codes in other cases:

String | Code
&errorcodes;

Note that return codes of `--query-*` options are special: Successful queries return 0, unsuccessful ones return 1 unless an error occurred in which case the table above applies.

&seealso; ¬es;