Linux Ethernet-Howto: Vendor/Manufacturer/Model Specific Information

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## 4. Vendor/Manufacturer/Model Specific Information

The following lists many cards in alphabetical order by vendor name and then product identifier. Beside each product ID, you will see either `Supported', `Semi-Supported', `Obsolete', `Dropped' or `Not Supported'.

Supported means that a driver for that card exists, and many people are happily using it and it seems quite reliable.

Semi-Supported means that a driver exists, but at least one of the following descriptions is true: (1) The driver and/or hardware are buggy, which may cause poor performance, failing connections or even crashes. (2) The driver is new or the card is fairly uncommon, and hence the driver has seen very little use/testing and the driver author has had very little feedback. Obviously (2) is preferable to (1), and the individual description of the card/driver should make it clear which one holds true. In either case, you will probably have to answer `Y' when asked ``Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers?'' when running `make config`.

Obsolete means that a driver exists, and was probably at one time considered Semi-Supported. However, due to lack of interest, users, and support, it is known to not work anymore. The driver is still in the kernel, but disabled in the configuration option menu. The general plan is that if it does not get updated by the next kernel development cycle, it will be dropped entirely. Usually a driver marked obsolete simply needs an update to match changes in the kernel to driver interface, or other similar kernel API changes.

Dropped means that the driver was once obsolete (see above) and since there was not enough interest in fixing it, it has been removed from the current kernel tree. There is nothing stopping anyone from copying the driver from an older kernel, making the required updates and using it.

Not Supported means there is not a driver currently available for that card. This could be due to a lack of interest in hardware that is rare/uncommon, or because the vendors won't release the hardware documentation required to write a driver.

Note that the difference between `Supported' and `Semi-Supported' is rather subjective, and is based on user feedback. So be warned that you may find a card listed as semi-supported works perfectly for you (which is great), or that a card listed as supported gives you no end of troubles and problems (which is not so great).

After the status, the name of the driver given in the linux kernel is listed. This will also be the name of the driver module that would be used in the `alias eth0 driver_name` line that is found in the `/etc/modules.conf` module configuration file.

## 4.1 3Com

If you are not sure what your card is, but you think it is a 3Com card, you can probably figure it out from the assembly number. 3Com has a document `Identifying 3Com Adapters By Assembly Number' (ref 24500002) that would most likely clear things up. Also check out their WWW/FTP site with various goodies: `www.3Com.com` that you may find useful (including PDFs with technical info for their cards).

### 3c501

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c501

This obsolete stone-age 8 bit card is really too brain-damaged to use. Avoid it like the plague. Do not purchase this card, even as a joke. It's performance is horrible, and it breaks in many ways.

For those not yet convinced, the 3c501 can only do one thing at a time -- while you are removing one packet from the single-packet buffer it cannot receive another packet, nor can it receive a packet while loading a transmit packet. This was fine for a network between two 8088-based computers where processing each packet and replying took 10's of msecs, but modern networks send back-to-back packets for almost every transaction.

AutoIRQ works, DMA isn't used, the autoprobe only looks at `0x280` and `0x300`, and the debug level is set with the third boot-time argument.

Once again, the use of a 3c501 is strongly discouraged! Even more so with a IP multicast kernel, as you will grind to a halt while listening to all multicast packets. See the comments at the top of the source code for more details.

### EtherLink II, 3c503, 3c503/16

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c503 (+8390)

The 3c503 does not have ``EEPROM setup'', so a diagnostic/setup program isn't needed before running the card with Linux. The shared memory address of the 3c503 is set using jumpers that are shared with the boot PROM address. This is confusing to people familiar with other ISA cards, where you always leave the jumper set to ``disable'' unless you have a boot PROM.

These cards should be about the same speed as the same bus width WD80x3, but turn out to be actually a bit slower. These shared-memory ethercards also have a programmed I/O mode that doesn't use the 8390 facilities (their engineers found too many bugs!) The Linux 3c503 driver can also work with the 3c503 in programmed-I/O mode, but this is slower and less reliable than shared memory mode. Also, programmed-I/O mode is not as well tested when updating the drivers. You shouldn't use the programmed-I/O mode unless you need it for compatibility with another operating system that is used on the same computer.

The 3c503's IRQ line is set in software, with no hints from an EEPROM. Unlike the MS-DOS drivers, the Linux driver has capability to autoIRQ: it uses the first available IRQ line in {5,2/9,3,4}, selected each time the card is ifconfig'ed. Note that `ifconfig' will return EAGAIN if no IRQ line is available at that time.

Some common problems that people have with the 503 are discussed in Problems with....

If you intend on using this driver as a loadable module you should probably see Using the Ethernet Drivers as Modules for module specific information.

### Etherlink Plus 3c505

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c505

These cards use the i82586 chip but are not that many of them about. It is included in the standard kernel, but it is classed as an alpha driver. See Alpha Drivers for important information on using alpha-test ethernet drivers with Linux.

There is also the file `/usr/src/linux/drivers/net/README.3c505` that you should read if you are going to use one of these cards. It contains various options that you can enable/disable.

### Etherlink-16 3c507

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c507

This card uses one of the Intel chips, and the development of the driver is closely related to the development of the Intel Ether Express driver. The driver is included in the standard kernel release, but as an alpha driver. See Alpha Drivers for important information on using alpha-test ethernet drivers with Linux.

### Etherlink III, 3c509 / 3c509B

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c509

This card was fairly inexpensive and had good performance for an ISA non-bus-master design. The drawbacks were that the original 3c509 required very low interrupt latency. The 3c509B shouldn't suffer from the same problem, due to having a larger buffer. (See below.) These cards use PIO transfers, similar to a ne2000 card, and so a shared memory card such as a wd8013 will be more efficient in comparison.

The original 3c509 had a small packet buffer (4kB total, 2kB Rx, 2kB Tx), causing the driver to occasionally drop a packet if interrupts were masked for too long. To minimize this problem, you can try unmasking interrupts during IDE disk transfers (see `man hdparm`) and/or increasing your ISA bus speed so IDE transfers finish sooner.

The newer model 3c509B has 8kB on board, and the buffer can be split 4/4, 5/3 or 6/2 for Rx/Tx. This setting is changed with the DOS configuration utility, and is stored on the EEPROM. This should alleviate the above problem with the original 3c509.

3c509B users should use either the supplied DOS utility to disable the plug and play support, and to set the output media to what they require. The linux driver currently does not support the Autodetect media setting, so you have to select 10Base-T or 10Base-2 or AUI. Note that if you turn off PnP entirely, you should exit the utility and and then follow that with a hard reset to ensure that the new settings take effect.

Some people ask about the ``Server or Workstation'' and ``Highest Modem Speed'' settings presented in the DOS configuration utility. These settings don't actually change any hardware settings, rather they are only tuning hints to the DOS driver. The linux driver does not need or use these hints. Also, DON'T enable EISA mode on this ISA card unless you really have an EISA machine, or you may end up needing to find an EISA machine just to get your ISA card back into ISA mode!

The card with the lowest hardware ethernet address will always end up being `eth0` in a multiple ISA 3c509 configuration. This shouldn't matter to anyone, except for those people who want to assign a 6 byte hardware address to a particular interface. If this really bothers you, have a look at Donald's latest driver, as you may be able to use a `0x3c509` value in the unused mem address fields to order the detection to suit your needs.

### 3c515

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c515

This is 3Com's ISA 100Mbps offering, codenamed ``CorkScrew''. Note that you will never achieve full 100Mbps on an ISA bus.

### 3c523

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c523

This MCA bus card uses the i82586, and Chris Beauregard has modified the ni52 driver to work with these cards.

### 3c527 Etherlink MC/32

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c527

Yes, another i82586 MCA card. No, not too much interest in it. Better chances with the 3c529 if you are stuck with MCA, since it uses the tried and true 3c509 core.

### 3c529

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c509

This card actually uses the same chipset as the 3c509. People have actually been using this card in MCA machines.

### 3c339 Token Ring PCI Velocity XL

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: tmspci

Token ring driver updates can be found at:

`http://www.linuxtr.net/download.html`

### 3c556

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c59x

A mini PCI NIC found on various IBM and HP notebooks. Also knownas a `laptop tornado'.

### 3c562

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c589_cs

This PCMCIA card is the combination of a 3c589B ethernet card with a modem. The modem appears as a standard modem to the end user. The only difficulty is getting the two separate linux drivers to share one interrupt. There are a couple of new registers and some hardware interrupt sharing support. Thanks again to Cameron for getting a sample unit and documentation sent off to David Hinds.

### 3c575

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c59x

Note that to support this Cardbus device in old 2.2 kernels, you had to use 3c575_cb.c from the pcmcia_cs package.

### 3c579

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c509

The EISA version of the 509. The current EISA version uses the same 16 bit wide chip rather than a 32 bit interface, so the performance increase isn't stunning. Make sure the card is configured for EISA addressing mode. Read the above 3c509 section for info on the driver.

### 3c589 / 3c589B

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c589_cs

Many people have been using this PCMCIA card for quite some time now. The "B" in the name means the same here as it does for the 3c509 case.

### 3c590 / 3c595

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c59x

These ``Vortex'' cards are for PCI bus machines, with the '590 being 10Mbps and the '595 being 3Com's 100Mbs offering. Also note that you can run the '595 as a '590 (i.e. in a 10Mbps mode). The 3c59x line was replaced by the 3c9xx line quite some time ago, and so these cards are considered rather old.

Note that there are two different 3c590 cards out there, early models that had 32kB of on-board memory, and later models that only have 8kB of memory. The 3c595 cards have 64kB, as you can't get away with only 8kB RAM at 100Mbps!

### 3c592 / 3c597

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c59x

These are the EISA versions of the 3c59x series of cards. The 3c592/3c597 (aka Demon) should work with the vortex driver discussed above.

### 3c900 / 3c905 / 3c905B / 3c905C / 3c905CX

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c59x

These cards (aka `Boomerang', aka EtherLink III XL) have been released to take over the place of the 3c590/3c595 cards, with some additional support added to the vortex/3c59x driver. The driver found in older kernels may not support the latest revision(s) of these cards, so you may need a driver update.

Note that the 3c905C has support for TCP/UDP/IP checksumming in hardware support - meaning less work for the computer CPU to do!

### 3c985 (Gigabit acenic, aka Tigon2)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: acenic

This driver supports several other Gigabit cards in addition to the 3Com model.

### 3c996 (Gigabit broadcom, aka Tigon3)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tg3, bcm5700(old)

This driver supports several other Gigabit cards in addition to the 3Com model. The `tg3` driver is a complete rewrite by several linux developers in an effort to improve on the vendor supplied `bcm5700` driver.

## 4.2 Accton

### Accton MPX

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

Don't let the name fool you. This is still supposed to be a NE2000 compatible card, and should work with the ne2000 driver.

### Accton EN1203, EN1207, EtherDuo-PCI

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip, OR 8139too

Apparently there have been several revisions of the EN1207 (A through D) with A, B, and C being tulip based and the D revision being RealTek 8139 based (different driver). So as with all purchases, you should try and make sure you can return it if it doesn't work for you.

### Accton EN2209 Parallel Port Adaptor (EtherPocket)

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ?

A driver for these parallel port adapters was available around the time of the 2.0 or 2.1 kernel. It's last known location was:

`http://www.unix-ag.uni-siegen.de/~nils/accton_linux.html`

### Accton EN2212 PCMCIA Card

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet_cs

## 4.3 Adaptec

Note that some of the older Adaptec 32 bit boards used a tulip clone.

### Adaptec DuraLAN/Starfire, 64bit ANA-6922

Status: Supported, Driver Name: starfire

## 4.4 Allied Telesyn/Telesis

### AT1500

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

These are a series of low-cost ethercards using the 79C960 version of the AMD LANCE. These are bus-master cards, and hence one of the faster ISA bus ethercards available.

DMA selection and chip numbering information can be found in AMD LANCE.

### AT1700

Status: Supported, Driver Name: at1700

Note that to access this driver during `make config` you still have to answer `Y' when asked ``Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers?'' at the first. This is simply due to lack of feedback on the driver stability due to it being a relatively rare card. If you have problems with the driver that ships with the kernel then you may be interested in the alternative driver available at: `http://www.cc.hit-u.ac.jp/nagoya/at1700/`

The Allied Telesis AT1700 series ethercards are based on the Fujitsu MB86965. This chip uses a programmed I/O interface, and a pair of fixed-size transmit buffers. This allows small groups of packets to be sent back-to-back, with a short pause while switching buffers.

The Fujitsu chip used on the AT1700 has a design flaw: it can only be fully reset by doing a power cycle of the machine. Pressing the reset button doesn't reset the bus interface. This wouldn't be so bad, except that it can only be reliably detected when it has been freshly reset. The solution/work-around is to power-cycle the machine if the kernel has a problem detecting the AT1700.

### AT2400

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

Yet another PCI NE2000 clone card. This one is based on the RealTek 8029 chip.

### AT2450

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is the PCI version of the AT1500, and it doesn't suffer from the problems that the Boca 79c970 PCI card does. DMA selection and chip numbering information can be found in AMD LANCE.

### AT2500

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 8139too, rtl8139(old)

This card uses the RealTek 8139 chip - see the section RealTek 8139.

### AT2540FX

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: eepro100

This card uses the i82557 chip, and hence may/should work with the eepro100 driver. If you try this please send in a report so this information can be updated.

## 4.5 AMD / Advanced Micro Devices

Carl Ching of AMD was kind enough to provide a very detailed description of all the relevant AMD ethernet products which helped clear up this section.

### AMD LANCE (7990, 79C960/961/961A, PCnet-ISA)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

There really is no AMD ethernet card. You are probably reading this because the only markings you could find on your card said AMD and the above number. The 7990 is the original `LANCE' chip, but most stuff (including this document) refer to all these similar chips as `LANCE' chips. (...incorrectly, I might add.)

These above numbers refer to chips from AMD that are the heart of many ethernet cards. For example, the Allied Telesis AT1500 (see AT1500) and the NE1500/2100 (see NE1500) use these chips.

The 7990/79c90 have long been replaced by newer versions. The 79C960 (a.k.a. PCnet-ISA) essentially contains the 79c90 core, along with all the other hardware support required, which allows a single-chip ethernet solution. The 79c961 (PCnet-ISA+) is a jumperless Plug and Play version of the '960. The final chip in the ISA series is the 79c961A (PCnet-ISA II), which adds full duplex capabilities. All cards with one of these chips should work with the lance.c driver, with the exception of very old cards that used the original 7990 in a shared memory configuration. These old cards can be spotted by the lack of jumpers for a DMA channel.

One common problem people have is the `busmaster arbitration failure' message. This is printed out when the LANCE driver can't get access to the bus after a reasonable amount of time has elapsed (50us). This usually indicates that the motherboard implementation of bus-mastering DMA is broken, or some other device is hogging the bus, or there is a DMA channel conflict. If your BIOS setup has the `GAT option' (for Guaranteed Access Time) then try toggling/altering that setting to see if it helps.

Also note that the driver only looks at the addresses: `0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360` for a valid card, and any address supplied by an `ether=` boot argument is silently ignored (this will be fixed) so make sure your card is configured for one of the above I/O addresses for now.

The driver will still work fine, even if more than 16MB of memory is installed, since low-memory `bounce-buffers' are used when needed (i.e. any data from above 16MB is copied into a buffer below 16MB before being given to the card to transmit.)

The DMA channel can be set with the low bits of the otherwise-unused dev->mem_start value (a.k.a. PARAM_1). (see PARAM_1) If unset it is probed for by enabling each free DMA channel in turn and checking if initialization succeeds.

The HP-J2405A board is an exception: with this board it's easy to read the EEPROM-set values for the IRQ, and DMA.

### AMD 79C901 (Home PNA PHY)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: sis900

The `sis900.txt` file in 2.4 kernels states that "AM79C901 HomePNA PHY is not thoroughly tested, there may be some bugs in the "on the fly" change of transceiver." so you may want to check that if using a newer kernel.

### AMD 79C965 (PCnet-32)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is the PCnet-32 -- a 32 bit bus-master version of the original LANCE chip for VL-bus and local bus systems. chip. While these chips can be operated with the standard `lance.c` driver, a 32 bit version (`pcnet32.c`) is also available that does not have to concern itself with any 16MB limitations associated with the ISA bus.

### AMD 79C970/970A (PCnet-PCI)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is the PCnet-PCI -- similar to the PCnet-32, but designed for PCI bus based systems. Please see the above PCnet-32 information. This means that you need to build a kernel with PCI BIOS support enabled. The '970A adds full duplex support along with some other features to the original '970 design.

Note that the Boca implementation of the 79C970 fails on fast Pentium machines. This is a hardware problem, as it affects DOS users as well. See the Boca section for more details.

### AMD 79C971 (PCnet-FAST)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is AMD's 100Mbit chip for PCI systems, which also supports full duplex operation. It was introduced in June 1996.

### AMD 79C972 (PCnet-FAST+)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This has been confirmed to work just like the '971.

### AMD 79C974 (PCnet-SCSI)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is the PCnet-SCSI -- which is basically treated like a '970 from an Ethernet point of view. Also see the above information. Don't ask how well the SCSI half of the chip is supported -- this is the Ethernet-HowTo, not the SCSI-HowTo.

## 4.6 Ansel Communications

### AC3200 EISA

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ac3200

This EISA bus card is based on the common 8390 chip used in the ne2000 and wd80x3 cards. Note that to access this driver during `make config` you still have to answer `Y' when asked ``Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers?'' at the first. This is simply due to lack of feedback on the driver stability due to it being a relatively rare card. Feedback has been low even though the driver has been in the kernel since v1.1.25.

## 4.7 Apricot

### Apricot Xen-II On Board Ethernet

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: apricot

This on board ethernet uses an i82596 bus-master chip. It can only be at I/O address `0x300`. By looking at the driver source, it appears that the IRQ is also hardwired to 10.

Earlier versions of the driver had a tendency to think that anything living at `0x300` was an apricot NIC. Since then the hardware address is checked to avoid these false detections.

## 4.8 Arcnet

Status: Supported, Driver Name: arcnet (arc-rimi, com90xx, com20020)

With the very low cost and better performance of ethernet, chances are that most places will be giving away their Arcnet hardware for free, resulting in a lot of home systems with Arcnet.

An advantage of Arcnet is that all of the cards have identical interfaces, so one driver will work for everyone. It also has built in error handling so that it supposedly never loses a packet. (Great for UDP traffic!) Note that the arcnet driver uses `arc0' as its name instead of the usual `eth0' for ethernet devices.

There are information files contained in the standard kernel for setting jumpers, general hints and where to mail bug reports.

Supposedly the driver also works with the 100Mbs ARCnet cards as well!

## 4.9 Boca Research

Yes, they make more than just multi-port serial cards.

### Boca BEN400

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

Apparently this is a NE2000 clone, using a VIA VT86C916 chip.

### Boca BEN (ISA, VLB, PCI)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance, pcnet32

These cards are based on AMD's PCnet chips. Many people reported endless problems with these VLB/PCI cards. The problem was supposedly due to Boca not installing some capacitors that AMD recommended. (The older ISA cards don't appear to suffer the same problems.) Boca was offering a `warranty repair' for affected owners, which involved adding one of the missing capacitors, but it appears that this fix didn't work 100 percent for most people, although it helped some. The cards are so old now that it wouldn't be worth pursuing.

More general information on the AMD chips can be found in AMD LANCE.

## 4.10 Broadcom

### Broadcom Tigon2

Status: Supported, Driver Name: acenic

### Broadcom Tigon3

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tg3

## 4.11 Cabletron

Lack of programming information from Cabletron at the time drivers were being developed for these cards meant that the drivers were not supported as well as they could have been.

Apparently Cabletron has since changed their policy with respect to programming information (like Xircom). However, at this point in time, there is little demand for modified/updated drivers for the old E20xx and E21xx cards.

### E10**, E10**-x, E20**, E20**-x

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

These are NEx000 almost-clones that are reported to work with the standard NEx000 drivers, thanks to a ctron-specific check during the probe.

### E2100

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: e2100 (+8390)

The E2100 is a poor design. Whenever it maps its shared memory in during a packet transfer, it maps it into the whole 128K region! That means you can't safely use another interrupt-driven shared memory device in that region, including another E2100. It will work most of the time, but every once in a while it will bite you. (Yes, this problem can be avoided by turning off interrupts while transferring packets, but that will almost certainly lose clock ticks.) Also, if you mis-program the board, or halt the machine at just the wrong moment, even the reset button won't bring it back. You will have to turn it off and leave it off for about 30 seconds.

Media selection is automatic, but you can override this with the low bits of the dev->mem_end parameter. See PARAM_2. Module users can specify an `xcvr=N` value as an `option` in the `/etc/modules.conf` file.

Also, don't confuse the E2100 for a NE2100 clone. The E2100 is a shared memory NatSemi DP8390 design, roughly similar to a brain-damaged WD8013, whereas the NE2100 (and NE1500) use a bus-mastering AMD LANCE design.

If you intend on using this driver as a loadable module you should probably see Using the Ethernet Drivers as Modules for module specific information.

### E22**

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: lance

According to information in a Cabletron Tech Bulletin, these cards use the standard AMD PC-Net chipset (see AMD PC-Net) and should work with the generic lance driver.

## 4.12 Cogent

### EM100-ISA/EISA

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: smc9194

These cards use the SMC 91c100 chip and may work with the SMC 91c92 driver, but this has yet to be verified.

### Cogent eMASTER+, EM100-PCI, EM400, EM960, EM964

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

These are yet another DEC 21040 implementation that should hopefully work fine with the standard 21040 driver.

The EM400 and the EM964 are four port cards using a DEC 21050 bridge and 4 21040 chips.

See DEC 21040 for more information on these cards, and the present driver situation.

## 4.13 Compaq

Compaq aren't really in the business of making ethernet cards, but a lot of their systems have embedded ethernet controllers on the motherboard.

### Compaq Deskpro / Compaq XL (Embedded AMD Chip)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

Machines such as the XL series have an AMD 79c97x PCI chip on the mainboard that can be used with the standard LANCE driver. But before you can use it, you have to do some trickery to get the PCI BIOS to a place where Linux can see it. Frank Maas was kind enough to provide the details:

`` The problem with this Compaq machine however is that the PCI directory is loaded in high memory, at a spot where the Linux kernel can't (won't) reach. Result: the card is never detected nor is it usable (sideline: the mouse won't work either) The workaround (as described thoroughly in http://www-c724.uibk.ac.at/XL/) is to load MS-DOS, launch a little driver Compaq wrote and then load the Linux kernel using LOADLIN. Ok, I'll give you time to say `yuck, yuck', but for now this is the only working solution I know of. The little driver simply moves the PCI directory to a place where it is normally stored (and where Linux can find it).''

The DOS utility `movepci.exe` is apparently in Compaq's support package `SP1599.EXE` if you still need it.

More general information on the AMD chips can be found in AMD LANCE.

### Compaq Nettelligent/NetFlex (Embedded ThunderLAN Chip)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tlan

These systems use a Texas Instruments ThunderLAN chip Information on the ThunderLAN driver can be found in ThunderLAN.

### Compaq PCI card

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eepro100

Check your card - if it has part number 323551-821 and/or an intel 82558 chip on it then it is another Intel EEPro100 based card.

## 4.14 Danpex

### Danpex EN9400

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

Yet another card based on the DEC 21040 chip, reported to work fine, and at a relatively cheap price.

See DEC 21040 for more information on these cards, and the present driver situation.

## 4.15 Davicom

### Davicom DM9102

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tulip, dmfe

This is an almost clone of the tulip chip and so you can use the tulip driver or the vendor supplied dmfe driver. Usual advice is to try tulip first, and then try dmfe. Apparently dmfe is only better for very very old cards.

## 4.16 D-Link

### DE-100, DE-200, DE-220-T, DE-250

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

Some of the early D-Link cards didn't have the `0x57` PROM signature, but the ne2000 driver knows about them. For the software configurable cards, you can get the config program from `www.dlink.com`. Note that there are also cards from Digital (DEC) that are also named DE100 and DE200, but the similarity stops there.

### DE-520

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

This is a PCI card using the PCI version of AMD's LANCE chip. DMA selection and chip numbering information can be found in AMD LANCE.

### DE-528

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

Apparently D-Link have also started making PCI NE2000 clones.

### DE-530

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

This is a generic DEC 21040 PCI chip implementation, and is reported to work with the generic 21040 tulip driver. Note that this is NOT the DFE-530.

See DEC 21040 for more information on these cards, and the present driver situation.

### DE-600

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de600

The DE600 is an old parallel port ethernet adaptor made for laptop users etc. Expect about 180kb/s transfer speed from this device. You should read the README.DLINK file in the kernel source tree. Note that the device name that you pass to `ifconfig` is now `eth0` and not the previously used `dl0`.

### DE-620

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de620

Similar to the the DE-600, only with two output formats. See the above information on the DE-600.

### DE-650

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet_cs

Some people have been using this PCMCIA card for some time now with their notebooks. It is a basic 8390 design, much like a NE2000. The LinkSys PCMCIA card and the IC-Card Ethernet are supposedly DE-650 clones as well.

### DFE-530TX

Status Supported, Driver Name: via-rhine

Another card using the VIA Rhine chipset. Newer cards use the Rhine-II. (see VIA Rhine) Don't confuse this with the DE-530 which is a tulip based card, or the DFE-530+ which is an 8139.

### DFE-530TX+, DFE-538TX

Status Supported, Driver Name: 8139too, rtl8139(old)

This card uses the RealTek 8139 chip - see the section RealTek 8139.

### DFE-550TX

Status Supported, Driver Name: sundance

### DFE-570TX

Status Supported, Driver Name: tulip

This is a four port tulip (DS21143) card.

### DFE-580TX

Status Supported, Driver Name: sundance

### DGE-500T

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ns83820

### DGE-550T

Status Supported, Driver Name: dl2k

## 4.17 DFI

### DFINET-300 and DFINET-400

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

Yet another poor NE clone card - these use `DFI' in the first 3 bytes of the prom, instead of using `0x57` in bytes 14 and 15, which is what all the NE1000 and NE2000 cards should use. (The 300 is an 8 bit pseudo NE1000 clone, and the 400 is a pseudo NE2000 clone.)

## 4.18 Digital / DEC

### DEPCA, DE100/1, DE200/1/2, DE210, DE422

Status: Supported, Driver Name: depca

There is documentation included in the source file `depca.c', which includes info on how to use more than one of these cards in a machine. Note that the DE422 is an EISA card. These cards are all based on the AMD LANCE chip. See AMD LANCE for more info. A maximum of two of the ISA cards can be used, because they can only be set for `0x300` and `0x200` base I/O address. If you are intending to do this, please read the notes in the driver source file `depca.c` in the standard kernel source tree.

This driver will also work on Alpha CPU based machines, and there are various ioctl()s that the user can play with.

### Digital EtherWorks 3 (DE203, DE204, DE205)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ewrk3

These cards use a proprietary chip from DEC, as opposed to the LANCE chip used in the earlier cards like the DE200. These cards support both shared memory or programmed I/O, although you take about a 50%performance hit if you use PIO mode. The shared memory size can be set to 2kB, 32kB or 64kB, but only 2 and 32 have been tested with this driver. David says that the performance is virtually identical between the 2kB and 32kB mode. There is more information (including using the driver as a loadable module) at the top of the driver file `ewrk3.c` and also in `README.ewrk3`. Both of these files come with the standard kernel distribution. This driver has Alpha CPU support like depca.c does.

The standard driver has a number of interesting ioctl() calls that can be used to get or clear packet statistics, read/write the EEPROM, change the hardware address, and the like. Hackers can see the source code for more info on that one.

David has also written a configuration utility for this card (along the lines of the DOS program `NICSETUP.EXE`) along with other tools. These can be found on most Linux FTP sites in the directory `/pub/Linux/system/Network/management` -- look for the file `ewrk3tools-X.XX.tar.gz`.

### DE425 EISA, DE434, DE435, DE500

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

These cards are based on the 21040 chip mentioned below. The DE500 uses the 21140 chip to provide 10/100Mbs ethernet connections. Have a read of the 21040 section below for extra info. There are also some compile-time options available for non-DEC cards using this driver. Have a look at `README.de4x5` for details.

All the Digital cards will autoprobe for their media (except, temporarily, the DE500 due to a patent issue).

This driver is also Alpha CPU ready and supports being loaded as a module. Users can access the driver internals through ioctl() calls - see the 'ewrk3' tools and the de4x5.c sources for information about how to do this.

### DEC 21040, 21041, 2114x, Tulip

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

The DEC 21040 is a bus-mastering single chip ethernet solution from Digital, similar to AMD's PCnet chip. The 21040 is specifically designed for the PCI bus architecture. Apparently these chips are no longer being produced, as Intel has bought the semiconductor portion of DEC and is favouring their own ethernet chip(s).

You have a choice of two drivers for cards based on this chip. There is the DE425 driver discussed above, and the generic 21040 `tulip' driver.

Warning: Even though your card may be based upon this chip, the drivers may not work for you. David C. Davies writes:

``There are no guarantees that either `tulip.c' OR `de4x5.c' will run any DC2114x based card other than those they've been written to support. WHY?? You ask. Because there is a register, the General Purpose Register (CSR12) that (1) in the DC21140A is programmable by each vendor and they all do it differently (2) in the DC21142/3 this is now an SIA control register (a la DC21041). The only small ray of hope is that we can decode the SROM to help set up the driver. However, this is not a guaranteed solution since some vendors (e.g. SMC 9332 card) don't follow the Digital Semiconductor recommended SROM programming format."

In non-technical terms, this means that if you aren't sure that an unknown card with a DC2114x chip will work with the linux driver(s), then make sure you can return the card to the place of purchase before you pay for it.

The 21041 chip is also found in place of the 21040 on most of the later SMC EtherPower cards. The 21140 is for supporting 100Base-T and works with the Linux drivers for the 21040 chip. To use David's `de4x5` driver with non-DEC cards, have a look at `README.de4x5` for details.

If you are having trouble with the tulip driver, you can try the newest version from Donald's ftp/WWW site.

Tulip Driver

There is also a (non-exhaustive) list of various cards/vendors that use the 21040 chip.

## 4.19 Farallon

Farallon sells EtherWave adaptors and transceivers. This device allows multiple 10baseT devices to be daisy-chained.

### Farallon Etherwave

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 3c509

This is reported to be a 3c509 clone that includes the EtherWave transceiver. People have used these successfully with Linux and the present 3c509 driver. They are too expensive for general use, but are a great option for special cases. Hublet prices start at $125, and Etherwave adds $75-$100 to the price of the board -- worth it if you have pulled one wire too few, but not if you are two network drops short.

### Farallon PCI 593

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

It has been reported that this card was detected with the `de4x5` driver.

## 4.20 Fujitsu

Unlike many network chip manufacturers, Fujitsu have also made and sold some network cards based upon their chip.

### Fujitsu FMV-181/182/183/184

Status: Supported, Driver Name: at1700, fmv18x(old)

According to the driver, these cards are a straight forward Fujitsu MB86965 implementation, which would make them very similar to the Allied Telesis AT1700 cards.

Older kernels used the driver `fmv18x` but support for these cards was added to the `at1700` driver and so the former has been phased out.

## 4.21 Hewlett Packard

### HP Night Director+ 10/100

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

Apparently these cards use the AMD 79C972 chip.

### 27245A

Status: Supported, Driver Name: hp (+8390)

8 bit 8390 based 10BaseT, not recommended for all the 8 bit reasons.

### HP EtherTwist, PC Lan+ (27247, 27248, 27252A, 27269B)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: hp+ (+8390)

The HP PC Lan+ is different to the standard HP PC Lan card. It can be operated in either a PIO mode like a ne2000, or a shared memory mode like a wd8013.

### HP-J2405A

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

These are lower priced, and slightly faster than the 27247/27252A, but are missing some features, such as AUI, ThinLAN connectivity, and boot PROM socket. This is a fairly generic LANCE design, but a minor design decision makes it incompatible with a generic `NE2100' driver. Special support for it (including reading the DMA channel from the board) is included thanks to information provided by HP's Glenn Talbott.

### HP-Vectra On Board Ethernet

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

The HP-Vectra has an AMD PCnet chip on the motherboard. DMA selection and chip numbering information can be found in AMD LANCE.

### HP 10/100 VG Any Lan Cards (27248B, J2573, J2577, J2585, J970, J973)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: hp100

This driver also supports some of the Compex VG products. Since the driver supports ISA, EISA and PCI cards, it is found under ISA cards when running `make config` on a kernel source.

### HP NetServer 10/100TX PCI (D5013A)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eepro100

Apparently these are just a rebadged Intel EtherExpress Pro 10/100B card. See the Intel section for more information.

## 4.22 IBM / International Business Machines

### IBM Thinkpad 300

Status: Obsolete, Driver Name: znet

This is intel i82593 based. It has been declared obsolete in the 2.4 series kernels.

### IBM Credit Card Adaptor for Ethernet

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: pcnet_cs

### IBM 10/100 EtherJet PCI

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eepro100

This card is reported to be compatible with the Intel EtherExpress Pro 100 driver.

### IBM Token Ring

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ibmtr

To support token ring requires more than only writing a device driver, it also requires writing the source routing routines for token ring. It is the source routing that would be the most time comsuming to write.

Initial driver development was done with IBM ISA and MCA token ring cards, and tested on an MCA 16/4 Megabit Token Ring board, but it should work with other Tropic based boards.

## 4.23 ICL Ethernet Cards

### ICL EtherTeam 16i/32

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eth16i

This driver supports both the ISA (16i) and EISA (32) versions of the card. It uses the Fujitsu MB86965 chip that is also used on the at1700 cards.

## 4.24 Intel Ethernet Cards

Note that the naming of the various Intel cards is ambiguous and confusing at best. If in doubt, then check the `i8xxxx` number on the main chip on the card or for PCI cards, use the PCI information in the `/proc` directory and then compare that to the numbers listed here. Finally, there was a page at http://support.intel.com in the network area that may also be some help if you don't know what card you have.

### Ether Express

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eexpress

This card uses the intel i82586. Earlier versions of this driver (in v1.2 kernels) were classed as alpha-test, as it didn't work well for most people. The driver in the v2.0 kernel seems to work much better for those who have tried it, although the driver source still lists it as experimental and more problematic on faster machines.

The comments at the top of the driver source list some of the problems (and fixes!) associated with these cards. The slowdown hack of replacing all the `outb` with `outb_p` in the driver has been reported to avoid lockups for at least one user. Also check that the size of the RAM buffer reported by the driver matches what the Intel configuration utility reports.

### Ether Express PRO/10 (PRO/10+)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: eepro

Bao Chau Ha has written a driver for these cards that has been included into early 1.3.x kernels. It may also work with some of the Compaq built-in ethernet systems that are based on the i82595 chip. You may have to use the configuration utility that came with the card to disable PnP support where applicable.

### Ether Express PRO/10 PCI (EISA)

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ? (distributed separately)

There is a driver for the PCI version that is distributed separately from the default kernel. These cards use the PLX9036 PCI interface chip with the Intel i82596 LAN controller chip. If your card has the i82557 chip, then you don't have this card, but rather the version discussed next, and hence want the EEPro100 driver instead.

You can get the alpha driver for the PRO/10 PCI card, along with instructions on how to use it at:

EEPro10 Driver

If you have the EISA card, you will probably have to hack the driver a bit to account for the different (PCI vs. EISA) detection mechanisms that are used in each case.

### Ether Express PRO 10/100B

Status: Supported, Driver Name: e100, or eepro100

The e100 driver was supplied by intel, and the eepro100 driver is the original driver by Donald. Note that the eepro100 driver will not work with the older 100A cards. The chip numbers listed in the driver are i82557, i82558, i82559, i82801, and about 25 other PCI IDs. For driver updates and/or driver support, have a look at:

EEPro-100B Page

### E1000 Gigabit

Status: Supported, Driver Name: e1000

## 4.25 Kingston

Kingston make various cards, including NE2000+, AMD PCnet based cards, and DEC tulip based cards. Most of these cards should work fine with their respective driver. See Kingston Web Page

## 4.26 LinkSys

LinkSys make a handful of different NE2000 clones, some straight ISA cards, some ISA plug and play and some even ne2000-PCI clones based on one of the supported ne2000-PCI chipsets. There are just too many models to list here. Their site is at `http://www.linksys.com/`

### LinkSys Etherfast 10/100 Cards.

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tulip

Note that with these cards there have been several `revisions' (i.e. different chipset used) all with the same card name. The 1st used the DEC chipset. The 2nd revision used the Lite-On PNIC 82c168 PCI Network Interface Controller, the 3rd revision of the card uses a LinkSys 82c169 NIC chip, and the 4th revision uses the ADMtek Comet. Support for the latter three has been merged into the standard tulip driver -- you may need a driver upgrade to get support for them depending on how old your current driver version is.

More PNIC information is available at:

`http://www.scyld.com/network`

More information on the various versions of these cards can be found at the LinkSys WWW site mentioned above.

### LinkSys Pocket Ethernet Adapter Plus (PEAEPP)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de620

This is supposedly a DE-620 clone, and is reported to work well with that driver. See DE-620 for more information.

### LinkSys PCMCIA Adaptor

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet_cs

This is supposed to be a re-badged DE-650.

## 4.27 Microdyne (Eagle)

Eagle Technology (aka Novell cards) was sold to Microdyne. If you can't find your card listed here, check the Novell section of this document. While Microdyne are not actively selling network cards anymore, there is still some stuff relating to their products on their site at `ftp.microdyne.com`

### Microdyne Exos 205T

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ?

Another i82586 based card. Dirk Niggemann `dirk-n@dircon.co.uk` has written a driver that he classes as ``pre-alpha'' that he would like people to test. Mail him for more details.

## 4.28 Mylex

Mylex can be reached at the following numbers, in case anyone wants to ask them anything.

            MYLEX CORPORATION, Fremont
            Sales:  800-77-MYLEX, (510) 796-6100
            FAX:    (510) 745-8016.

They also have a web site: Mylex WWW Site

### Mylex LNE390A, LNE390B

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lne390 (+8390)

These are fairly old EISA cards that make use of a shared memory implementation similar to the wd80x3. A driver for these cards is available in the current 2.1.x series of kernels. Ensure you set the shared memory address below 1MB or above the highest address of the physical RAM installed in the machine.

### Mylex LNP101

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

This is a PCI card that is based on DEC's 21040 chip. It is selectable between 10BaseT, 10Base2 and 10Base5 output. The LNP101 card has been verified to work with the generic 21040 driver.

See the section on the 21040 chip ( DEC 21040) for more information.

### Mylex LNP104

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

The LNP104 uses the DEC 21050 chip to deliver four independent 10BaseT ports. It should work with recent 21040 drivers that know how to share IRQs, but nobody has reported trying it yet (that I am aware of).

## 4.29 Myson

### Myson MTD-8xx 10/100 PCI

Status: Supported, Driver Name: fealnx

Apparently cards sold under the name Surecom EP-320X-S also use this Myson chip.

## 4.30 National Semiconductor

National Semiconductor really make chips, not cards. Other people take their chips, solder them down to a bit of fibreglass with some other cruft, put their name on it and sell it to you.

### NS8390, DP8390, DP83905 etc.

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 8390

The infamous 8390 chip. Found on a zillion ISA cards, and cloned by various other chip manufacturers. Note that the file `8390.o` is not a complete driver in itself. It has to be used in conjunction with another driver that knows how the 8390 is interfaced to the computer bus. Examples of the 2nd half of the driver are `wd.o`, `3c503.o`, `smc-ultra.o`, `ne2k-pci.o` and so on.

### DP83800 with DP83840

Status: Not Supported.

See the section for NE 10/100 below.

### DP83815/83816

Status: Supported, Driver Name: natsemi

`http://www.scyld.com/network/natsemi.html`

This driver can be found in 2.4 and newer kernels.

### NS83820, DP83820

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ns83820

The 83820 is a 10/100/1000 Mbps 64 bit PCI ethernet NIC, and the 83821 is a 32 bit PCI part (but it appears that the parts are identical and the EEPROM is supposed to set the data path width). Just like the 8390, you won't usually see this number unless you look at the chip on the card.

## 4.31 Novell Ethernet, NExxxx and associated clones.

The prefix `NE' came from Novell Ethernet. Novell followed the cheapest NatSemi databook design and sold the manufacturing rights (spun off?) Eagle, just to get reasonably-priced ethercards into the market. (The now ubiquitous NE2000 card.)

### NE1000, NE2000

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

The ne2000 is now a generic name for a bare-bones design around the NatSemi 8390 chip. They use programmed I/O rather than shared memory, leading to easier installation but slightly lower performance and a few problems. Some of the more common problems that arise with NE2000 cards are listed in Problems with...

Some NE2000 clones use the National Semiconductor `AT/LANTic' 83905 chip, which offers a shared memory mode similar to the wd8013 and EEPROM software configuration. The shared memory mode will offer less CPU usage (i.e. more efficient) than the programmed I/O mode.

In general it is not a good idea to put a NE2000 clone at I/O address `0x300` because nearly every device driver probes there at boot. Some poor NE2000 clones don't take kindly to being prodded in the wrong areas, and will respond by locking your machine. Also `0x320` is bad because SCSI drivers probe into `0x330`.

Donald has written a NE2000 diagnostic program (ne2k.c) for all ne2000 cards. See Diagnostic Programs for more information.

If you intend on using this driver as a loadable module you should probably see Using the Ethernet Drivers as Modules for module specific information.

### NE2000-PCI (RealTek/Winbond/Compex)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

Yes, believe it or not, people are making PCI cards based on the more than ten year old interface design of the ne2000. At the moment nearly all of these cards are based on the RealTek 8029 chip, or the Winbond 89c940 chip. The Compex, KTI, VIA and Netvin cards apparently also use these chips, but have a different PCI ID.

The latest v2.0 kernel has support to automatically detect all these cards and use them. (If you are using a kernel v2.0.34 or older, you should upgrade to ensure your card will be detected.) There are now two drivers to choose from; the original ISA/PCI `ne.c` driver, and a relatively new PCI-only `ne2k-pci.c` driver.

To use the original ISA/PCI driver you have to say `Y' to the `Other ISA cards' option when running `make config` as you are actually using the same NE2000 driver as the ISA cards use. (That should also give you a hint that these cards aren't anywhere as intelligent as say a PCNet-PCI or DEC 21040 card...)

The newer PCI-only driver differs from the ISA/PCI driver in that all the support for old NE1000 8 bit cards has been removed and that data is moved to/from the card in bigger blocks, without any intervening pauses that the older ISA-NE2000's required for reliable operation. The result is a driver that is slightly smaller and slightly more efficient, but don't get too excited as the difference will not be obvious under normal use. (If you really wanted maximum efficiency/low CPU use, then a PCI-NE2000 is simply a very poor choice.) Driver updates and more information can be found at:

`http://www.scyld.com/network`

If you have a NE2000 PCI card that is not detected by the most current version of the driver, please contact the maintainer of the NE2000 driver as listed in `/usr/src/linux/MAINTAINERS` along with the output from a `cat /proc/pci` and `dmesg` so that support for your card can also be added to the driver.

Also note that various card makers have been known to put `NE2000 Compatible' stickers on their product boxes even when it is completely different (e.g. PCNet-PCI or RealTek 8139). If in doubt check the main chip number against this document.

### NE-10/100

Status: Not Supported.

These are ISA 100Mbps cards based on the National Semiconductor DP83800 and DP83840 chips. There is currently no driver support, nor has anyone reported that they are working on a driver. Apparently documentation on the chip is unavailable with the exception of a single PDF file that doesn't give enough details for a driver.

### NE1500, NE2100

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

These cards use the original 7990 LANCE chip from AMD and are supported using the Linux lance driver. Newer NE2100 clones use the updated PCnet/ISA chip from AMD.

Some earlier versions of the lance driver had problems with getting the IRQ line via autoIRQ from the original Novell/Eagle 7990 cards. Hopefully this is now fixed. If not, then specify the IRQ via LILO, and let us know that it still has problems.

DMA selection and chip numbering information can be found in AMD LANCE.

### NE/2 MCA

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ne2

There were a few NE2000 microchannel cards made by various companies. This driver, available in v2.2 kernels, will detect the following MCA cards: Novell Ethernet Adapter NE/2, Compex ENET-16 MC/P, and the Arco Ethernet Adapter AE/2.

### NE3200

Status: Not Supported.

While there is no driver support in the current 2.4 kernel, Rask Ingemann Lambertsen has been playing around with an old EISA machine and had an experimental driver at: `http://vip.cybercity.dk/~ccc94453/linux/ne3200/`

### NE3210

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne3210 (+8390)

This EISA card is completely different from the NE3200, as it uses a Nat Semi 8390 chip. The driver can be found in the v2.2 kernel source tree. Ensure you set the shared memory address below 1MB or above the highest address of the physical RAM installed in the machine.

### NE4100

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet_cs

### NE5500

Status: Supported, Driver Name: pcnet32

These are just AMD PCnet-PCI cards ('970A) chips. More information on LANCE/PCnet based cards can be found in AMD LANCE.

## 4.32 Netgear

### Netgear FA-311

Status: Supported, Driver Name: natsemi

### Netgear GA-620

Status: Supported, Driver Name: acenic

### Netgear GA-621

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ns83820

## 4.33 Proteon

### Proteon P1370-EA

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

Apparently this is a NE2000 clone, and works fine with Linux.

### Proteon P1670-EA

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

This is yet another PCI card that is based on DEC's Tulip chip. It has been reported to work fine with Linux.

See the section on the 21040 chip ( DEC 21040) for more driver information.

## 4.34 Pure Data

### PDUC8028, PDI8023

Status: Supported, Driver Name: wd (+8390)

The PureData PDUC8028 and PDI8023 series of cards are `almost clones' of the wd80x3 cards - there is special code in the `wd.c` driver to probe for these cards.

## 4.35 Racal-Interlan

Racal Interlan can be reached via WWW at `www.interlan.com`. I believe they were also known as MiCom-Interlan at one point in the past.

### ES3210

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: es3210

This is an EISA 8390 based shared memory card. An experimetal driver is shipped with v2.2 kernels and it is reported to work fine, but the EISA IRQ and shared memory address detection appears not to work with (at least) the early revision cards. (This problem is not unique to the Linux world either...) In that case, you have to supply them to the driver. For example, card at IRQ 5 and shared memory `0xd0000`, with a modular driver, add `options es3210 irq=5 mem=0xd0000` to `/etc/modules.conf`. Or with the driver compiled into the kernel, supply at boot `ether=5,0,0xd0000,eth0` The I/O base is automatically detected and hence a value of zero should be used.

### NI5010

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ni5010

You used to have to go get the driver for these old 8 bit MiCom-Interlan cards separately, but now it is shipped with the v2.2 kernels as an experimental driver.

### NI5210

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ni52

This card also uses one of the Intel chips. Michael Hipp has written a driver for this card. It is included in the standard kernel as an `alpha' driver. Michael would like to hear feedback from users that have this card. See Alpha Drivers for important information on using alpha-test ethernet drivers with Linux.

### NI6510 (not EB)

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: ni65

There is also a driver for the LANCE based NI6510, and it is also written by Michael Hipp. Again, it is also an `alpha' driver. For some reason, this card is not compatible with the generic LANCE driver. See Alpha Drivers for important information on using alpha-test ethernet drivers with Linux.

### EtherBlaster (aka NI6510EB)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: lance

As of kernel 1.3.23, the generic LANCE driver had a check added to it for the `0x52, 0x44` NI6510EB specific signature. Others have reported that this signature is not the same for all NI6510EB cards however, which will cause the lance driver to not detect your card. If this happens to you, you can change the probe (at about line 322 in lance.c) to printk() out what the values are for your card and then use them instead of the `0x52, 0x44` defaults.

The cards should probably be run in `high-performance' mode and not in the NI6510 compatible mode when using the lance driver.

## 4.36 RealTek

### RealTek RTL8002/8012 (AT-Lan-Tec) Pocket adaptor

Status: Supported, Driver Name: atp

This is a generic, low-cost OEM pocket adaptor being sold by AT-Lan-Tec, and (likely) a number of other suppliers. A driver for it is included in the standard kernel. Note that there is substantial information contained in the driver source file `atp.c'.

Note that the device name that you pass to `ifconfig` was not `eth0` but `atp0` for earlier versions of this driver.

### RealTek 8008

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, wd (+8390)

This chip has been reported to behave similar to the AT/LANTIC in that it can be set for ne/PIO or wd/MMIO modes of operation via the vendor supplied software (SET8008R).

### RealTek 8009

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

This is an ISA NE2000 clone, and is reported to work fine with the linux NE2000 driver. The `rset8009.exe` program can be obtained from RealTek's WWW site at `http://www.realtek.com.tw` - or via ftp from the same site.

### RealTek 8019

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

This is a Plug and Pray version of the above. Use the DOS software to disable PnP and enable jumperless configuration; set the card to a sensible I/O address and IRQ and you should be ready to go. (If using the driver as a module, don't forget to add an `io=0xNNN` option to `/etc/modules.conf`). The `rset8019.exe` program can be obtained from RealTek's WWW site at `http://www.realtek.com.tw` - or via ftp from the same site.

### RealTek 8029

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

This is a PCI single chip implementation of a NE2000 clone. Various vendors are now selling cards with this chip. See NE2000-PCI for information on using any of these cards. Note that this is still a 10+ year old design just glued onto a PCI bus. Performance won't be staggeringly better than the equivalent ISA model.

### RealTek 8129/8139

Status: Supported, Driver Name: 8139too, rtl8139(old)

Another PCI single chip ethernet solution from RealTek. A driver for cards based upon this chip was included in the v2.0.34 release of linux. The driver is called `8139too` in recent kernels.

In older kernels, the driver was called `rtl8139` and you generally had to to answer `Y' when asked if you want experimental drivers to get access to this driver.

## 4.37 Sager

### Sager NP943

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 3c501

This is just a 3c501 clone, with a different S.A. PROM prefix. I assume it is equally as brain dead as the original 3c501 as well. The driver checks for the NP943 I.D. and then just treats it as a 3c501 after that. See 3Com 3c501 for all the reasons as to why you really don't want to use one of these cards.

## 4.38 Schneider & Koch

### SK G16

Status: Obsolete, Driver Name: sk_g16

This driver was included into the v1.1 kernels, and it was written by PJD Weichmann and SWS Bern. It appears that the SK G16 is similar to the NI6510, in that it is based on the first edition LANCE chip (the 7990). Once again, it appears as though this card won't work with the generic LANCE driver.

It was marked obsolete as of the 2.4 series kernels.

## 4.39 SEEQ

### SEEQ 8005

Status: Obsolete, Driver Name: seeq8005

There is little information about the card included in the driver, and hence little information to be put here. If you have a question, you are probably best trying to e-mail the driver author as listed in the source.

It was marked obsolete as of the 2.4 series kernels.

## 4.40 SiS (Silicon Integrated Systems)

SiS have long been in the business of making motherboard chipsets even back in the 386 days. Now they also have some ethernet chips that are quite common as well.

### SiS 900 (7016, 630E, 962)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: sis900

This device can be found as a standalone PCI card, or as built-in on the motherboard. The driver has been present since late 2.2 kernels.

## 4.41 SMC (Standard Microsystems Corp.)

The ethernet part of Western Digital was bought out by SMC many years ago when the wd8003 and wd8013 were the main product. Since then SMC has continued making 8390 based ISA cards (Elite16, Ultra, EtherEZ) and also added several PCI products to their range.

Contact information for SMC:

SMC / Standard Microsystems Corp., 80 Arkay Drive, Hauppage, New York, 11788, USA. Technical Support via phone: 800-992-4762 (USA) or 800-433-5345 (Canada) or 516-435-6250 (Other Countries). Literature requests: 800-SMC-4-YOU (USA) or 800-833-4-SMC (Canada) or 516-435-6255 (Other Countries). Technical Support via E-mail: `techsupt@ccmail.west.smc.com`. FTP Site: `ftp.smc.com`. WWW Site: SMC.

### WD8003, SMC Elite

Status: Supported, Driver Name: wd (+8390)

These are the 8-bit versions of the card. The 8 bit 8003 is slightly less expensive, but only worth the savings for light use. Note that some of the non-EEPROM cards (clones with jumpers, or old old old wd8003 cards) have no way of reporting the IRQ line used. In this case, auto-irq is used, and if that fails, the driver silently assings IRQ 5. You can get the SMC setup/driver disks from SMC's ftp site. Note that some of the newer SMC `SuperDisk' programs will fail to detect the real old EEPROM-less cards. The file `SMCDSK46.EXE` seems to be a good all-round choice. Also the jumper settings for all their cards are in an ASCII text file in the aforementioned archive. The latest (greatest?) version can be obtained from `ftp.smc.com`.

As these are basically the same as their 16 bit counterparts (WD8013 / SMC Elite16), you should see the next section for more information.

### WD8013, SMC Elite16

Status: Supported, Driver Name: wd (+8390)

Over the years the design has added more registers and an EEPROM. (The first wd8003 cards appeared about ten years ago!) Clones usually go by the `8013' name, and usually use a non-EEPROM (jumpered) design. Late model SMC cards will have the SMC 83c690 chip instead of the original Nat Semi DP8390 found on earlier cards. The shared memory design makes the cards a bit faster than PIO cards, especially with larger packets. More importantly, from the driver's point of view, it avoids a few bugs in the programmed-I/O mode of the 8390, allows safe multi-threaded access to the packet buffer, and it doesn't have a programmed-I/O data register that hangs your machine during warm-boot probes.

Non-EEPROM cards that can't just read the selected IRQ will attempt auto-irq, and if that fails, they will silently assign IRQ 10. (8 bit versions will assign IRQ 5)

Cards with a non standard amount of memory on board can have the memory size specified at boot (or as an option in `/etc/modules.conf` if using modules). The standard memory size is 8kB for an 8bit card and 16kB for a 16bit card. For example, the older WD8003EBT cards could be jumpered for 32kB memory. To make full use of that RAM, you would use something like (for I/O=0x280 and IRQ 9):

            LILO: linux ether=9,0x280,0xd0000,0xd8000,eth0

Also see 8013 problems for some of the more common problems and frequently asked questions that pop up often.

If you intend on using this driver as a loadable module you should probably see Using the Ethernet Drivers as Modules for module specific information.

### SMC Elite Ultra

Status: Supported, Driver Name: smc-ultra (+8390)

This ethercard is based on the 83c790 chip from SMC, which has a few new features over the 83c690. While it has a mode that is similar to the older SMC ethercards, it's not entirely compatible with the old WD80*3 drivers. However, in this mode it shares most of its code with the other 8390 drivers, while operating slightly faster than a WD8013 clone.

Since part of the Ultra looks like an 8013, the Ultra probe is supposed to find an Ultra before the wd8013 probe has a chance to mistakenly identify it.

Donald mentioned that it is possible to write a separate driver for the Ultra's `Altego' mode which allows chaining transmits at the cost of inefficient use of receive buffers, but that will probably not happen.

Bus-Master SCSI host adaptor users take note: In the manual that ships with Interactive UNIX, it mentions that a bug in the SMC Ultra will cause data corruption with SCSI disks being run from an aha-154X host adaptor. This will probably bite aha-154X compatible cards, such as the BusLogic boards, and the AMI-FastDisk SCSI host adaptors as well.

SMC has acknowledged the problem occurs with Interactive, and older Windows NT drivers. It is a hardware conflict with early revisions of the card that can be worked around in the driver design. The current Ultra driver protects against this by only enabling the shared memory during data transfers with the card. Make sure your kernel version is at least 1.1.84, or that the driver version reported at boot is at least `smc-ultra.c:v1.12` otherwise you are vulnerable.

If you intend on using this driver as a loadable module you should probably see Using the Ethernet Drivers as Modules for module specific information.

### SMC Elite Ultra32 EISA

Status: Supported, Driver Name: smc-ultra32 (+8390)

This EISA card shares a lot in common with its ISA counterpart. A working (and stable) driver is included in both v2.0 and v2.2 kernels. Thanks go to Leonard Zubkoff for purchasing some of these cards so that linux support could be added for them.

### SMC EtherEZ (8416)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: smc-ultra (+8390)

This card uses SMC's 83c795 chip and supports the Plug 'n Play specification. It also has an SMC Ultra compatible mode, which allows it to be used with the Linux Ultra driver. For best results, use the SMC supplied program (avail. from their www/ftp site) to disable PnP and configure it for shared memory mode. See the above information for notes on the Ultra driver.

For v1.2 kernels, the card had to be configured for shared memory operation. However v2.0 kernels can use the card in shared memory or programmed I/O mode. Shared memory mode will be slightly faster, and use less CPU resources as well.

### SMC EtherPower PCI (8432)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

NB: The EtherPower II is an entirely different card. See below! These cards are a basic DEC 21040 implementation, i.e. one big chip and a couple of transceivers. Donald has used one of these cards for his development of the generic 21040 driver (aka `tulip.c`). Thanks to Duke Kamstra, once again, for supplying a card to do development on.

Some of the later revisons of this card use the newer DEC 21041 chip, which may cause problems with older versions of the tulip driver. If you have problems, make sure you are using the latest driver release, which may not yet be included in the current kernel source tree.

See DEC 21040 for more details on using one of these cards, and the current status of the driver.

Apparently, the latest revision of the card, the EtherPower-II uses the 9432 chip. It is unclear at the moment if this one will work with the present driver. As always, if unsure, check that you can return the card if it doesn't work with the linux driver before paying for the card.

### SMC EtherPower II PCI (9432)

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: epic100

These cards, based upon the SMC 83c170 chip, are entirely different than the Tulip based cards. A new driver has been included in kernels v2.0 and v2.2 to support these cards. For more details, see:

`http://www.scyld.com/network`

### SMC 1211TX 10/100

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: 8139too, rtl8139(old)

Apparently SMC is no longer the same company that brought you cards like the Ultra and the EPIC. The chip design part is now called SMSC and you will see the SMC name stuck on low end OEM boards like this one - a RealTek 8139 with a modified EEPROM.

### SMC 3008

Status: Not Supported.

These 8 bit cards are based on the Fujitsu MB86950, which is an ancient version of the MB86965 used in the Linux at1700 driver. Russ says that you could probably hack up a driver by looking at the at1700.c code and his DOS packet driver for the Tiara card (tiara.asm). They are not very common.

### SMC 3016

Status: Not Supported.

These are 16bit I/O mapped 8390 cards, much similar to a generic NE2000 card. If you can get the specifications from SMC, then porting the NE2000 driver would probably be quite easy. They are not very common.

### SMC-9000 / SMC 91c92/4

Status: Supported, Driver Name: smc9194

The SMC9000 is a VLB card based on the 91c92 chip. The 91c92 appears on a few other brand cards as well, but is fairly uncommon.

### SMC 91c100

Status: Semi-Supported, Driver Name: smc9194

The SMC 91c92 driver is supposed to work for cards based on this 100Base-T chip, but at the moment this is unverified.

### SMC 9452TX/9462TX

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ns83820

## 4.42 Sundance

### Sundance ST201, Alta

Status: Supported, Driver Name: sundance

The Sundance Alta chip is used on OEM boards. It uses bus-master transfers, can transmit from and receive into arbitrarily aligned buffers, and has a 64 element multicast hash. All chip versions have flow control and ACPI power states.

## 4.43 SysKonnect

### SysKonnect sk-98xx Gigabit Ethernet

Status: Supported, Driver Name: sk98

Early reports indicated that this chipset had a problem with Tx checksums, which hurts performance a little.

## 4.44 Texas Instruments

### ThunderLAN

Status: Supported, Driver Name: tlan

This driver covers many Compaq built-in ethernet devices, including the NetFlex and Netelligent groups. It also supports the Olicom 2183, 2185, 2325 and 2326 products.

## 4.45 Thomas Conrad

### Thomas Conrad TC-5048

This is yet another PCI card that is based on DEC's 21040 chip.

See the section on the 21040 chip ( DEC 21040) for more information.

## 4.46 VIA

You probably won't see a VIA networking card, as VIA make several networking chips that are then used by others in the construction of an ethernet card. They have a WWW site at:

`http://www.via.com.tw/`

### VIA 86C926 Amazon

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

This controller chip is VIA's PCI-NE2000 offering. You can choose between the ISA/PCI `ne.c` driver or the PCI-only `ne2k-pci.c` driver. See the PCI-NE2000 section for more details.

### VIA 86C100A Rhine II (and 3043 Rhine I)

Status Supported, Driver Name: via-rhine

This relatively new driver can be found in current 2.0 and 2.1 kernels. It is an improvement over the 86C926 NE2000 chip in that it supports bus master transfers, but strict 32 bit buffer alignment requirements limit the benefit gained from this. For more details and driver updates, see:

`http://www.scyld.com/network`

## 4.47 Western Digital

Please see SMC for information on SMC cards. (SMC bought out Western Digital's network card section many years ago.)

## 4.48 Winbond

Winbond don't really make and sell complete cards to the general public -- instead they make single chip ethernet solutions that other companies buy, stick onto a PCI board with their own name and then sell through retail stores. Some setup programs and tech support is available at:

`http://www.winbond.com.tw`

### Winbond 89c840

Status: Supported, Driver Name: winbond-840

This chip has been described as `the mutant spawn of a NE2000 and a Tulip clone' -- see the driver notes for more details. This driver also supports the TX9882 chip found on the Compex RL100-ATX.

### Winbond 89c904, 89c905, 89c906

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne (+8390)

These are Winbond's ISA 10Mbps ne2000 compatible ethernet chips. Setup programs are available at the Winbond site.

### Winbond 89c940

Status: Supported, Driver Name: ne, ne2k-pci (+8390)

This chip is one of the two commonly found on the low price PCI ne2000 cards sold by lots of manufacturers. Note that this is still a 10+ year old design just glued onto a PCI bus. Performance won't be staggeringly better than the equivalent ISA model.

## 4.49 Xircom

For the longest time, Xircom wouldn't release the programming information required to write a driver, unless you signed your life away. Apparently enough linux users have pestered them for driver support (they claim to support all popular networking operating systems...) so that they have changed their policy to allow documentation to be released without having to sign a non-disclosure agreement. Some people have said they they will release the source code to the SCO driver, while others have been told that they are no longer providing information on `obsolete' products like the earlier PE models. If you are interested and want to check into this yourself, you can reach Xircom at 1-800-874-7875, 1-800-438-4526 or +1-818-878-7600.

### Xircom PE1, PE2, PE3-10B*

Status: Not Supported.

Not to get your hopes up, but if you have one of these parallel port adaptors, you may be able to use it in the DOS emulator with the Xircom-supplied DOS drivers. You will have to allow DOSEMU access to your parallel port, and will probably have to play with SIG (DOSEMU's Silly Interrupt Generator).

### Xircom CE, CEM, CE2, CE3

Status: Supported, Driver Name: xirc2ps_cs

According to the driver, this supports the CE2, CE IIps, RE-10, CEM28, CEM33, CE33, CEM56, CE3-100, CE3B, RE-100, REM10BT, and the REM56G-100.

### Xircom CBE-100

Status: Supported, Driver Name: xircom_tulip_cb

A tulip-like implementation on CardBus.

## 4.50 Zenith

### Z-Note

Status: Obsolete, Driver Name: znet

The built-in Z-Note network adaptor is based on the Intel i82593 using two DMA channels. Also note that the IBM ThinkPad 300 is compatible with the Z-Note.

## 4.51 Znyx

### Znyx ZX342 (DEC 21040 based)

Status: Supported, Driver Name: de4x5, tulip

You have a choice of two drivers for cards based on this chip. There is the DE425 driver written by David, and the generic 21040 driver that Donald has written.

Note that as of 1.1.91, David has added a compile time option that may allow non-DEC cards (such as the Znyx cards) to work with this driver. Have a look at `README.de4x5` for details.

See DEC 21040 for more information on these cards, and the present driver situation.

## 4.52 Identifying an Unknown Card

Okay, so your uncle's cousin's neighbour's friend had a brother who found an old ISA ethernet card in the AT case he was using as a cage for his son's pet hampster. Somehow you ended up with the card and want to try and use it with linux, but nobody has a clue what the card is and there isn't any documentation.

First of all, look for any obvious model numbers that might give a clue. Any model number that contains 2000 will most likely be a NE2000 clone. Any cards with 8003 or 8013 on them somewhere will be Western/Digital WD80x3 cards or SMC Elite cards or clones of them.

### Identifying the Network Interface Controller

Look for the biggest chip on the card. This will be the network controller (NIC) itself, and most can be identified by the part number. If you know which NIC is on the card, the following might be able to help you figure out what card it is.

Probably the most common ISA NIC is the National Semiconductor DP8390 aka NS32490 aka DP83901 aka DP83902 aka DP83905 aka DP83907. And those are just the ones made by National! Other companies such as Winbond and UMC make DP8390 and DP83905 clone parts, such as the Winbond 89c904 (DP83905 clone) and the UMC 9090. If the card has some form of 8390 on it, then chances are it is a ne1000 or ne2000 clone card. The second most common 8390 based card are wd80x3 cards and clones. Cards with a DP83905 can be configured to be an ne2000 or a wd8013. Never versions of the genuine wd80x3 and SMC Elite cards have an 83c690 in place of the original DP8390. The SMC Ultra cards have an 83c790, and use a slightly different driver than the wd80x3 cards. The SMC EtherEZ cards have an 83c795, and use the same driver as the SMC Ultra. All BNC cards based on some sort of 8390 or 8390 clone will usually have an 8392 (or 83c692, or ???392) 16 pin DIP chip very close to the BNC connector.

Another common NIC found on older cards is the Intel i82586. Cards having this NIC include the 3c505, 3c507, 3c523, Intel EtherExpress-ISA, Microdyne Exos-205T, and the Racal-Interlan NI5210.

The original AMD LANCE NIC was numbered AM7990, and newer revisions include the 79c960, 79c961, 79c965, 79c970, and 79c974. Most cards with one of the above will work with the Linux LANCE driver, with the exception of the old Racal-Interlan NI6510 cards that have their own driver.

Newer PCI cards having a DEC 21040, 21041, 21140, or similar number on the NIC should be able to use the linux tulip or de4x5 driver.

Other PCI cards having a big chip marked RTL8029 or 89C940 or 86C926 are ne2000 clone cards, and the ne2k-pci driver should automatically detect these cards.

### Identifying the Ethernet Address

Each ethernet card has its own six byte address that is unique to that card. The first three bytes of that address are the same for each card made by that particular manufacturer. For example all SMC cards start with `00:00:c0`. The last three are assigned by the manufacturer uniquely to each individual card as they are produced.

If your card has a sticker on it giving all six bits of its address, you can look up the vendor from the first three. However it is more common to see only the last three bytes printed onto a sticker attached to a socketed PROM, which tells you nothing.

You can determine which vendors have which assigned addresses from RFC-1340. Apparently there is a more up to date listing available in various places as well. Try a WWW or FTP search for `EtherNet-codes` or `Ethernet-codes` and you will find something.

### Identifying the Card by the FCC ID Number

As part of the certification process a card typically has to pass before being sold to the user, it gets tested by the FCC, and from this gets a FCC ID which is supposed to be printed on the card somewhere. For example, a card has on it `FCC ID: J158013EWC` - and this card happens to be a SMC/WD8013-EWC. Some web sites like `www.driverguide.com` and `drdriver.com` make use of listings of FCC IDs that may help with less obvious ID numbers. The FCC itself has a search tool that may also help, and it is at:

FCC IDs

### Tips on Trying to Use an Unknown Card

If you are still not sure what the card is, but have at least narrowed it down some, then you can build a kernel with a whole bunch of drivers included, and see if any of them autodetect the card at boot.

If the kernel doesn't detect the card, it may be that the card is not configured to one of the addresses that the driver probes when looking for a card. In this case, you might want to try getting `scanport.tar.gz` from your local linux ftp site, and see if that can locate where your card is jumpered for. It scans ISA I/O space from `0x100` to `0x3ff` looking for devices that aren't registered in `/proc/ioports`. If it finds an unknown device starting at some particular address, you can then explicity point the ethernet probes at that address with an `ether=` boot argument.

If you manage to get the card detected, you can then usually figure out the unknown jumpers by changing them one at a time and seeing at what I/O base and IRQ that the card is detected at. The IRQ settings can also usually be determined by following the traces on the back of the card to where the jumpers are soldered through. Counting the `gold fingers' on the backside, from the end of the card with the metal bracket, you have IRQ 9, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 10, 11, 12, 15, 14 at fingers 4, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 respectively. Eight bit cards only have up to finger 31.

Jumpers that appear to do nothing usually are for selecting the memory address of an optional boot ROM. Other jumpers that are located near the BNC or RJ-45 or AUI connectors are usually to select the output media. These are also typically near the `black box' voltage converters marked YCL, Valor, or Fil-Mag.

A nice collection of jumper settings for various cards can be found at the following URL:

Ethercard Settings

## 4.53 Drivers for Non-Ethernet Devices

There are a few other drivers that are in the linux source that present an ethernet-like device to network programs, while not really being ethernet. These are briefly listed here for completeness.

`dummy.c` - The purpose of this driver is to provide a device to point a route through, but not to actually transmit packets.

`eql.c` - Load Equalizer, enslaves multiple devices (usually modems) and balances the Tx load across them while presenting a single device to the network programs.

`ibmtr.c` - IBM Token Ring, which is not really ethernet. Broken-Ring requires source routing and other uglies.

`loopback.c` - Loopback device, for which all packets from your machine and destined for your own machine go. It essentially just moves the packet off the Tx queue and onto the Rx queue.

`pi2.c` - Ottawa Amateur Radio Club PI and PI2 interface.

`plip.c` - Parallel Line Internet Protocol, allows two computers to send packets to each other over two joined parallel ports in a point-to-point fashion.

`ppp.c` - Point-to-Point Protocol (RFC1331, 1548. 1661), for the Transmission of Multi-protocol Datagrams over a Point-to-Point Link (again usually modems).

`slip.c` - Serial Line Internet Protocol, allows two computers to send packets to each other over two joined serial ports (usually via modems) in a point-to-point fashion.

`tunnel.c` - Provides an IP tunnel through which you can tunnel network traffic transparently across subnets

`wavelan.c` - An Ethernet-like radio transceiver controlled by the Intel 82586 coprocessor which is used on other ethercards such as the Intel EtherExpress.

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