Changing passwords with rpasswd

The Linux NIS(YP)/NYS/NIS+ HOWTO
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# 13. Changing passwords with rpasswd

The standard way to change a NIS password is to call yppasswd, on some systems this is only an alias for passwd. This commands uses the yppasswd protocol and needs a running rpc.yppasswdd process on the NIS master server. The protocol has the disadvantage, that the old password will be send in clear text over the network. This is not so problematic, if the password change was successfull. In this case, the old password is replaced with the new one. But if the password change fails, an attacker can use the clear password to login as this user. Even more worse: If the system administrator changes the NIS password for another user, the root password of the NIS master server is transfered in clear text over the network. And this one will not be changed.

One solution is to not use yppasswd for changing the password. Instead, a good alternative is the rpasswd command from the `pwdutils` package.

      Site            Directory                          File Name

      ftp.kernel.org  /pub/linux/utils/net/NIS           pwdutils-2.3.tar.gz
      ftp.suse.com    /pub/people/kukuk/pam/pam_pwcheck  pam_pwcheck-2.2.tar.bz2
      ftp.suse.com    /pub/people/kukuk/pam/pam_unix2    pam_unix2-1.16.tar.bz2

rpasswd changes passwords for user accounts on a remote server over a secure SSL connection. A normal user may only change the password for their own account, if the user knows the password of the administrator account (in the moment this is the root password on the server), he may change the password for any account if he calls rpasswd with the -a option.

## 13.1. Server Configuration

For the server you need at first certificate, the default filename for this is `/etc/rpasswdd.pem`. The file can be created with the following command:

    openssl req -new -x509 -nodes -days 730 -out /etc/rpasswdd.pem -keyout /etc/rpasswdd.pem

A PAM configuration file for rpasswdd is needed, too. If the NIS accounts are stored in `/etc/passwd`, the following is a good starting point for a working configuration:

    #%PAM-1.0
    auth     required       pam_unix2.so
    account  required       pam_unix2.so
    password required       pam_pwcheck.so
    password required       pam_unix2.so    use_first_pass use_authtok
    password required       pam_make.so     /var/yp
    session  required       pam_unix2.so

If sources for the NIS password maps are stored in another location (for example in /etc/yp), the `nisdir` option of pam_unix2 can be used to find the source files in another place:

    #%PAM-1.0
    auth     required       pam_unix2.so
    account  required       pam_unix2.so
    password required       pam_pwcheck.so  nisdir=/etc/yp
    password required       pam_unix2.so    nisdir=/etc/yp use_first_pass use_authtok
    password required       pam_make.so     /var/yp
    session  required       pam_unix2.so

Now start the rpasswdd daemon on the NIS master server.

Since the password change is done with PAM modules, rpasswdd is also able to allow password changes for NIS+, LDAP or other services supported by a PAM module.

## 13.2. Client Configuration

On every client only the configuration file `/etc/rpasswd.conf` which contains the name of the server is neded. If the server does not run on the default port, the correct port can alse be mentioned here:

    # rpasswdd runs on master.example.com
    server master.example.com
    # Port 774 is the default port
    port 774

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