Linux PDAs: Agenda, iPAQ, Yopy, Zaurus

Linux Infrared HOWTO
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# 4.7. Linux PDAs: Agenda, iPAQ, Yopy, Zaurus

The most known Linux PDAs in these days are the Agenda VR3 by AgendaComputing (out-of-production), the iPAQ by COMPAQ, the Zaurus SL-5000/5500 by SHARP, and the Yopy by Samsung. All of these have an infrared port. There are different Linux distributions for Linux PDAs available, e.g.: QT Embedded (pre-installed on the SHARP Zaurus), Opie, Familiar and more. Software IPK packages mentioned below you may find at Zaurus Software Index - ZSI or ipkgfind. See TuxMobil for further information about Linux on and with PDAs in general.

The following is based on my experience with the SHARP Zaurus SL-5500G, with the original SHARP romimage 2.38G and Kernel 2.4.6-rmk1-np2-embedix#1, but may be applied mutatis mutandis to other Linux PDAs. The Zaurus comes with a written manual, where beaming files and PPP connections are explained using the GUI (e.g. FileManager, Settings). Here I will try to cover what can be done from the command line and topics neither included in the official SHARP manual nor the Opie User Manual . The infrared functions seem to be part of the StrongARM SA1110 CPU, the IrDA driver module is named sa1110_ir (on the stock Zaurus IrDA support seems to be built into the Kernel). From the irda-utils only irattach is available. IrDA support is attached via irattach /dev/ttyS2 -s 1 (note "-s 1" will be replaced by "-s" with newer versions). So it looks like SIR is used, I don't have information about FIR support yet. To get some of the functionality of irdadump and detect other IrDA devices in range or debug IrDA you may use cat /proc/net/irda/discovery and the other files in the `/proc` filesystem or compile the irda-utils for the ARM archictecture by yourself, also pre-compiled binaries are available. From the device files only `/dev/ircomm` (note it's not `/dev/ircomm0`) is created by default. The file `modules.conf` doesn't seem to exist. With irrecv you may start the infrared GUI settings. IrOBEX support is available, but the appropriate tools from OpenOBEX are missing, but you may beam files to a Palm PDA, cell phone or another Linux box or a Microsoft-Windows machine from the GUI. The IrDA startup scripts lives in `/home/etc/rc.d/init.d/irda`. For infrared remote control support see below. With irdadump from another Linux box the Zaurus identifies as (look at the second line):

    10:56:48.652982 xid:cmd b03cbbb9 > ffffffff S=6 s=5 (14)
    10:56:48.652963 xid:rsp b03cbbb9 < b7960e8f S=6 s=4 localhost hint=8420 [ Computer IrOBEX ] (26)
    10:56:48.742992 xid:cmd b03cbbb9 > ffffffff S=6 s=* japh hint=0400 [ Computer ] (20)
    10:56:51.203002 xid:cmd b03cbbb9 > ffffffff S=6 s=0 (14)

## 4.7.1. PPP

With PPP you may get a network connection through your cell phone or with another computer. See the PPP-HOWTO for details. For fowarding packages via NAT through another Linux box see the IPTABLES-Tutorial .

You may start pppd with commandline options, but for me it's more convenient to have a configuration file `/etc/ppp/peers/irda`. Here is an example for a first test:

    connect /bin/true
    noauth
    persist
    debug
    kdebug 7
    nodetach
    115200
    local
    /dev/ircomm
    192.168.0.2:192.168.0.3

If the other IrDA device is a Linux laptop you may use the same configuration file name and the same PPP options without the last line, which sets the LOCAL and REMOTE IP address. Also take care of the correct device name, e.g. `/dev/ircomm0`. The following entries are for debugging purposes and can be commented out when everything works fine:

    persist
    debug
    kdebug 7
    nodetach

Now start PPP with pppd call irda on both machines. For diagnostic purposes leave the messages running in this terminal window and switch to another window for the next steps. You may now check the network connectivity with ifconfig and ping. For connections to a cell phone see the Cellular Phone Connection chapter above.

## 4.7.2. Beaming Files - OpenOBEX

The advantage of OBEX is usually the integration. Send an appointement event over OBEX, and most likely the Zaurus will integrate that in the built-in calendar automagically, like the Palm does. Same for business cards. The IrOBEX protocol offers an easy way to beam files via infrared to another PDA, a cell phone or computer. The Linux tools are provided by OpenOBEX . Beaming via the GUI between two Zaurus PDAs or to a Palm PDA might work. But currently I couldn't send or receive files from my Linux laptop. When trying to send a file per ircp FILE, I get this irdadump message:

    11:11:03.943005 i:cmd  > ca=8a pf=1 nr=0 ns=0 LM slsap=12 dlsap=00 CONN_CMD (6)
    11:11:03.972964 i:rsp  < ca=8a pf=1 nr=1 ns=0 LM slsap=00 dlsap=12 CONN_RSP (6)
    11:11:03.973010 i:cmd  > ca=8a pf=1 nr=1 ns=1 LM slsap=12 dlsap=00 GET_VALUE_BY_CLASS: "OBEX:IrXfer" "IrDA:TinyTP:LsapSel" (37)
    11:11:04.002973 i:rsp  < ca=8a pf=1 nr=2 ns=1 LM slsap=00 dlsap=12 GET_VALUE_BY_CLASS: No such class (11)
    11:11:04.003015 i:cmd  > ca=8a pf=1 nr=2 ns=2 LM slsap=12 dlsap=00 DISC (6)

When trying to receive a file per ircp -r, I get this irdadump message:

    11:15:08.682979 i:cmd  < ca=8a pf=1 nr=4 ns=5 LM slsap=53 dlsap=00 CONN_CMD (6)
    11:15:08.683063 i:rsp  > ca=8a pf=1 nr=6 ns=4 LM slsap=00 dlsap=53 CONN_RSP (6)
    11:15:08.712970 i:cmd  < ca=8a pf=1 nr=5 ns=6 LM slsap=53 dlsap=00 GET_VALUE_BY_CLASS: "OBEX" "IrDA:TinyTP:LsapSel" (30)
    11:15:08.713035 i:rsp  > ca=8a pf=1 nr=7 ns=5 LM slsap=00 dlsap=53 GET_VALUE_BY_CLASS: No such class (11)
    11:15:08.732976 i:cmd  < ca=8a pf=1 nr=6 ns=7 LM slsap=53 dlsap=00 DISC (6)

Jean Tourrilhes suggests this solution: "The Zaurus doesn't support the "OBEX:IrXfer" service, it probably only supports the "OBEX" service use cat /proc/net/irda/irias to verify. So, either you start a server on "OBEX:IrXfer" on the Zaurus, (ircp_server - cross compiled for Zaurus), or you use a client using "OBEX" on the laptop (irobex_palm3)."

### 4.7.2.1. Tools

Beamster is a little Gtk/python utility to help with IrDA transfers especially from and to Linux PDAs (ftp://ftp.handhelds.org/pub/linux/dists/familiar/feeds/unstable/packages/armv4l/). It can talk to most handhelds/laptops/printers which use the IrDA Object Exchange protocol (OBEX), in fact any device which already works with the openobex package will work with this. It should be fairly intuitive to use. Make sure that IrDA is 'On', position the two devices, wait for the status bar to show that a new peer has been discovered, choose the transfer mode (use 'Palm3' for PalmOS peers and 'Windows' for everything else) then press 'beam' or 'receive' as appropriate. Note that 'receive' toggles on and off. Tested transfers to and from this IrDA devices: an old Palm3, a Psion 5MX, a Windows 98 ThinkPad and a Linux desktop with an Actisys L220+ dongle.

The ObexFTP implementation flexmem accesses the Flex.Memory directly. I piped a S45 data explorer (windows) session through sersniff. The log looks roughly like OBEX over cable. In fact old Open OBEX is working with the Siemens S45 mobile phone. It is confirmed to work well with Siemens S45/ME45 and similar mobile phones. You may access the Flex Memory on Siemens mobile equipment via IrDA or serial connection.

## 4.7.3. Printing

To print directly to an IrDA capable printer you need the device file `/dev/irlpt0`. If it's not available, use mknod /dev/irlpt0 c 161 16 to create it. Now you may perform a first and simple test. Try to write a small file to `/dev/irlpt0` by cat FILE >/dev/irlpt0. With the stock Kernel from SHARP this didn't work, but with a custom kernel it worked fine. Do not wonder about a bad format (the lines form sort of steps) this is just a first check. To get a pretty print format you may have to write a filter as described in the Printing-HOWTO from LinuxPrinting.org . More about printing from mobile Linux devices you may find in the Linux-Mobile-Guide .

## 4.7.4. Remote Control - LIRC

Consumer InfraRed - CIR aka remote control via infrared can be had on a Linux PDA by installing lirc-modules-KERNEL for the appropriate Kernel version, and LIRC. For more details see the HandHelds.org-WiKi and the Opie-Remote page. Opie-Remote is a remote control emulator for the Compaq iPAQ and the SHARP Zaurus.

## 4.7.5. Programing QT Embedded for IrDA

At the SHARP Zaurus Developer Site you may find the Zaurus-IrDA-HOWTO , which explains how to utilize the IrDA port on the Zaurus. The iPAQ Help - iPAQ and Zaurus development using QPE by Werner Schulte desribes how to develope Qtopia applications in general.

## 4.7.6. Keyboards and Scanners

For the iPAQ there is module `h3600_microkbd`, which supports the MicroInnovations IR keyboard. There seem to be optical barcode readers available, which use sort of a red light to read the data. But I doubt that this has anything to do with IrDA or Consumer InfraRed - CIR.

IRK allows you to use external infrared keyboards with the Zaurus. It interfaces the LIRC driver to the Qtopia environment. Currently only the Chicony KB-9820 keyboard (German version) is supported.

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