// Licensed to Elasticsearch B.V. under one or more contributor
// license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
// this work for additional information regarding copyright
// ownership. Elasticsearch B.V. licenses this file to you under
// the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may
// not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
// specific language governing permissions and limitations
// under the License.

package memcache

// Memcache plugin initialization, message/transaction types and transaction initialization/publishing.

import (
	"encoding/json"
	"math"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/libbeat/beat"
	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/libbeat/common"
	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/libbeat/logp"
	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/libbeat/monitoring"

	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/packetbeat/procs"
	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/packetbeat/protos"
	"github.com/elastic/beats/v7/packetbeat/protos/applayer"
)

// memcache types
type memcache struct {
	ports   protos.PortsConfig
	results protos.Reporter
	watcher procs.ProcessesWatcher
	config  parserConfig

	udpMemcache
	tcpMemcache

	handler memcacheHandler
}

type memcacheHandler interface {
	onTransaction(t *transaction)
}

// message actively parsed
type message struct {
	// shared
	applayer.Message
	next       *message
	isComplete bool

	command   *commandType
	isBinary  bool
	errorMsg  memcacheString
	casUnique uint64
	isCas     bool

	// text part
	commandLine memcacheString
	rawCommand  []byte
	rawArgs     []byte
	noreply     bool

	// binary part
	opcode  memcacheOpcode
	status  uint16
	vbucket uint16
	opaque  uint32
	isQuiet bool

	// values
	keys        []memcacheString
	flags       uint32
	exptime     uint32
	value       uint64
	value2      uint64
	ivalue      int64
	ivalue2     int64
	str         memcacheString
	data        memcacheData
	bytes       uint
	bytesLost   uint
	values      []memcacheData
	countValues uint32

	stats []memcacheStat
}

type transaction struct {
	applayer.Transaction

	command *commandType

	request  *message
	response *message
}

type memcacheString struct {
	raw []byte
}

type memcacheData struct {
	data []byte
}

type memcacheStat struct {
	Name  memcacheString `json:"name"`
	Value memcacheString `json:"value"`
}

var debug = logp.MakeDebug("memcache")

var (
	unmatchedRequests      = monitoring.NewInt(nil, "memcache.unmatched_requests")
	unmatchedResponses     = monitoring.NewInt(nil, "memcache.unmatched_responses")
	unfinishedTransactions = monitoring.NewInt(nil, "memcache.unfinished_transactions")
)

func init() {
	protos.Register("memcache", New)
}

func New(
	testMode bool,
	results protos.Reporter,
	watcher procs.ProcessesWatcher,
	cfg *common.Config,
) (protos.Plugin, error) {
	p := &memcache{}
	config := defaultConfig
	if !testMode {
		if err := cfg.Unpack(&config); err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
	}

	if err := p.init(results, watcher, &config); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	return p, nil
}

// Called to initialize the Plugin
func (mc *memcache) init(results protos.Reporter, watcher procs.ProcessesWatcher, config *memcacheConfig) error {
	debug("init memcache plugin")

	mc.handler = mc
	if err := mc.setFromConfig(config); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	mc.udpConnections = make(map[common.HashableIPPortTuple]*udpConnection)
	mc.results = results
	mc.watcher = watcher
	return nil
}

func (mc *memcache) setFromConfig(config *memcacheConfig) error {
	if err := mc.ports.Set(config.Ports); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	mc.config.maxValues = config.MaxValues
	if config.MaxBytesPerValue <= 0 {
		mc.config.maxBytesPerValue = math.MaxInt32
	} else {
		mc.config.maxBytesPerValue = config.MaxBytesPerValue
	}

	mc.config.parseUnknown = config.ParseUnknown

	mc.udpConfig.transTimeout = config.UDPTransactionTimeout
	mc.tcpConfig.tcpTransTimeout = config.TransactionTimeout

	debug("transaction timeout: %v", config.TransactionTimeout)
	debug("udp transaction timeout: %v", config.UDPTransactionTimeout)
	debug("maxValues = %v", mc.config.maxValues)
	debug("maxBytesPerValue = %v", mc.config.maxBytesPerValue)

	return nil
}

// GetPorts return the configured memcache application ports.
func (mc *memcache) GetPorts() []int {
	return mc.ports.Ports
}

func (mc *memcache) finishTransaction(t *transaction) error {
	if t == nil {
		return nil
	}
	mc.handler.onTransaction(t)
	return nil
}

func (mc *memcache) onTransaction(t *transaction) {
	event := beat.Event{
		Fields: common.MapStr{},
	}
	t.Event(&event)
	debug("publish event: %s", event)
	mc.results(event)
}

func newMessage(ts time.Time) *message {
	msg := message{}
	msg.Ts = ts
	return &msg
}

func (m *message) String() string {
	return commandCodeStrings[m.command.code]
}

func (m *message) Event(event common.MapStr) error {
	if m.command == nil {
		return errInvalidMessage
	}
	return m.command.event(m, event)
}

func (m *message) SubEvent(
	name string,
	event common.MapStr,
) (common.MapStr, error) {
	if m == nil {
		return nil, nil
	}

	msgEvent := common.MapStr{}
	event[name] = msgEvent
	return msgEvent, m.Event(msgEvent)
}

func tryMergeResponses(mc *memcache, prev, msg *message) (bool, error) {
	if msg != nil {
		msg.isComplete = checkResponseComplete(msg)
	}

	if prev == nil || msg == nil {
		return false, nil
	}

	if prev.isBinary != msg.isBinary {
		return false, errMixOfBinaryAndText
	}

	if !msg.isBinary {
		// merge text protocol value/stats message
		if prev.command.code == memcacheResValue {
			return mergeValueMessages(mc, prev, msg)
		} else if prev.command.code == memcacheResStat {
			return mergeStatsMessages(mc, prev, msg)
		}

		return false, nil
	}

	// merge binary protocol stats messages
	if prev.opcode != opcodeStat || msg.opcode != opcodeStat {
		return false, nil
	}
	if prev.opaque != msg.opaque {
		return false, nil
	}

	return mergeStatsMessages(mc, prev, msg)
}

func mergeValueMessages(mc *memcache, prev, msg *message) (bool, error) {
	debug("try to merge value messages")

	valueMessages := prev.command.code == memcacheResValue &&
		(msg.command.code == memcacheResValue ||
			msg.command.code == memcacheResEnd)
	if !valueMessages {
		err := errExpectedValueForMerge
		debug("%v", err)
		return false, nil
	}

	prev.Size += msg.Size
	prev.bytes += msg.bytes
	prev.keys = append(prev.keys, msg.keys...)
	prev.AddNotes(msg.Notes...)
	prev.countValues += msg.countValues
	if msg.command.code == memcacheResValue {
		delta := 0
		if mc.config.maxValues < 0 {
			delta = len(msg.values)
		} else if len(prev.values) < mc.config.maxValues {
			delta = mc.config.maxValues - len(prev.values)
			if delta > len(prev.values) {
				delta = len(prev.values)
			}
		}

		prev.values = append(prev.values, msg.values[0:delta]...)
	}

	prev.isComplete = prev.isComplete || msg.isComplete
	return true, nil
}

func mergeStatsMessages(mc *memcache, prev, msg *message) (bool, error) {
	debug("try to merge stats message: %v", msg.stats)

	statsMessages := prev.command.typ == memcacheStatsMsg &&
		(msg.command.typ == memcacheStatsMsg ||
			msg.command.code == memcacheResEnd)
	if !statsMessages {
		err := errExpectedStatsForMerge
		debug("%v", err)
		return false, nil
	}

	prev.AddNotes(msg.Notes...)
	prev.stats = append(prev.stats, msg.stats...)
	prev.Size += msg.Size
	prev.isComplete = prev.isComplete || msg.isComplete
	return true, nil
}

func checkResponseComplete(msg *message) bool {
	if msg.isBinary {
		if msg.opcode != opcodeStat {
			return true
		}
		return len(msg.keys) == 0
	}

	cont := msg.command.code == memcacheResValue ||
		msg.command.code == memcacheResStat
	return !cont
}

func newTransaction(requ, resp *message) *transaction {
	if requ == nil && resp == nil {
		return nil
	}

	t := &transaction{}
	t.request = requ
	t.response = resp
	t.Status = computeTransactionStatus(requ, resp)

	switch {
	case requ != nil && resp != nil:
		t.Init(requ)
		t.BytesOut = requ.Size
		t.BytesIn = resp.Size
		t.EndTime = resp.Ts
		t.Notes = append(t.Notes, requ.Notes...)
		t.Notes = append(t.Notes, resp.Notes...)
	case requ != nil && resp == nil:
		t.Init(requ)
		t.BytesOut = requ.Size
		t.Notes = append(t.Notes, requ.Notes...)
	case requ == nil && resp != nil:
		t.Init(resp)
		t.BytesIn = resp.Size
		t.EndTime = resp.Ts
		t.Notes = append(t.Notes, resp.Notes...)
	}

	return t
}

func (t *transaction) Init(msg *message) {
	t.Transaction.InitWithMsg("memcache", &msg.Message)
	t.command = msg.command
	if msg.IsRequest {
		t.BytesOut = msg.Size
	} else {
		t.BytesIn = msg.Size
	}
}

func (t *transaction) Event(event *beat.Event) error {
	debug("count event notes: %v", len(t.Notes))
	if err := t.Transaction.Event(event); err != nil {
		logp.Warn("error filling generic transaction fields: %v", err)
		return err
	}

	mc := common.MapStr{}
	event.Fields["memcache"] = mc

	msg := t.request
	if msg == nil {
		msg = t.response
	}

	if t.request != nil {
		_, err := t.request.SubEvent("request", mc)
		if err != nil {
			logp.Warn("error filling transaction request: %v", err)
			return err
		}
		event.Fields["event.action"] = "memcache." + strings.ToLower(t.request.command.typ.String())
	}
	if t.response != nil {
		_, err := t.response.SubEvent("response", mc)
		if err != nil {
			logp.Warn("error filling transaction response: %v", err)
			return err
		}
		normalized := normalizeEventOutcome(memcacheStatusCode(t.response.status).String())
		if normalized != "" {
			event.Fields["event.outcome"] = normalized
		}
	}

	if msg == nil {
		mc["protocol_type"] = "unknown"
	} else {
		if msg.isBinary {
			mc["protocol_type"] = "binary"
		} else {
			mc["protocol_type"] = "text"
		}
	}

	return nil
}

func normalizeEventOutcome(outcome string) string {
	switch outcome {
	case "Fail":
		return "failure"
	case "UNKNOWN":
		return "unknown"
	case "Success":
		return "success"
	default:
		return ""
	}
}

func computeTransactionStatus(requ, resp *message) string {
	switch {
	case requ == nil && resp != nil:
		return common.CLIENT_ERROR_STATUS
	case requ != nil && resp == nil:
		if requ.isQuiet || requ.noreply {
			return common.OK_STATUS
		} else if requ.command.code == memcacheCmdQuit {
			return common.OK_STATUS
		} else {
			return common.SERVER_ERROR_STATUS
		}
	case requ != nil && resp != nil && requ.isBinary:
		if resp.status == uint16(statusCodeNoError) {
			return common.OK_STATUS
		} else if resp.status > 0x80 {
			return common.SERVER_ERROR_STATUS
		} else {
			return common.ERROR_STATUS
		}
	case requ != nil && resp != nil && !requ.isBinary:
		if resp.command.typ != memcacheFailResp {
			return common.OK_STATUS
		}

		switch resp.command.code {
		case memcacheErrClientError, memcacheErrSame:
			return common.CLIENT_ERROR_STATUS
		case memcacheErrServerError,
			memcacheErrBusy,
			memcacheErrBadClass,
			memcacheErrNoSpare,
			memcacheErrNotFull,
			memcacheErrUnsafe:
			return common.SERVER_ERROR_STATUS
		default:
			return common.ERROR_STATUS
		}
	default:
		return common.ERROR_STATUS
	}
}

func (mc memcacheString) String() string {
	return string(mc.raw)
}

func (mc memcacheString) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
	return mc.raw, nil
}

func (mc memcacheData) String() string {
	return string(mc.data)
}

func (mc memcacheData) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
	return json.Marshal(mc.data)
}

func (mc memcacheData) IsSet() bool {
	return mc.data != nil
}
