//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// @file spinsort.hpp
/// @brief Spin Sort algorithm
///
/// @author Copyright (c) 2016 Francisco José Tapia (fjtapia@gmail.com )\n
///         Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.\n
///         ( See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
///           http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt  )
/// @version 0.1
///
/// @remarks
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#ifndef __BOOST_SORT_PARALLEL_ALGORITHM_SPIN_SORT_HPP
#define __BOOST_SORT_PARALLEL_ALGORITHM_SPIN_SORT_HPP


#include <ciso646>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <functional>
#include <iterator>
#include <memory>
#include <type_traits>
#include <vector>
#include <cstddef>
#include <boost/sort/insert_sort/insert_sort.hpp>
#include <boost/sort/common/util/traits.hpp>
#include <boost/sort/common/util/algorithm.hpp>
#include <boost/sort/common/range.hpp>
#include <boost/sort/common/indirect.hpp>


namespace boost
{
namespace sort
{
namespace spin_detail
{

//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//                USING SENTENCES
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
namespace bsc = boost::sort::common;
using bsc::range;
using bsc::util::nbits64;
using bsc::util::compare_iter;
using bsc::util::value_iter;
using boost::sort::insert_sort;

//
//############################################################################
//                                                                          ##
//          D E F I N I T I O N S    O F    F U N C T I O N S               ##
//                                                                          ##
//############################################################################
//
template <class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, typename Compare>
static void insert_partial_sort (Iter1_t first, Iter1_t mid,
                                 Iter1_t last, Compare comp,
                                 const range<Iter2_t> &rng_aux);

template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static bool check_stable_sort (const range<Iter1_t> &rng_data,
                               const range<Iter2_t> &rng_aux, Compare comp);

template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static void range_sort (const range<Iter1_t> &range1,
                        const range<Iter2_t> &range2, Compare comp,
                        uint32_t level);

template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static void sort_range_sort (const range<Iter1_t> &rng_data,
                             const range<Iter2_t> &rng_aux, Compare comp);

//
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : insert_partial_sort
/// @brief : Insertion sort of elements sorted
/// @param first: iterator to the first element of the range
/// @param mid : last pointer of the sorted data, and first pointer to the
///               elements to insert
/// @param last : iterator to the next element of the last in the range
/// @param comp :
/// @comments : the two ranges are sorted
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, typename Compare>
static void insert_partial_sort (Iter1_t first, Iter1_t mid, Iter1_t last,
                                 Compare comp, const range <Iter2_t> &rng_aux)
{
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                 metaprogram
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef value_iter<Iter1_t> value_t;
    typedef value_iter<Iter2_t> value2_t;
    static_assert (std::is_same<value_t, value2_t>::value,
                    "Incompatible iterators\n");

    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                   program
    //--------------------------------------------------------------------
    assert(size_t(last - mid) <= rng_aux.size());

    if (mid == last) return;
    //insertionsort ( mid, last, comp);
    if (first == mid) return;

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // creation of the vector of elements to insert and their position in the
    // sorted part
    // the data are inserted in rng_aux
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    std::vector<Iter1_t> viter;
    Iter2_t beta = rng_aux.first, data = rng_aux.first;

    for (Iter1_t alpha = mid; alpha != last; ++alpha)
        *(beta++) = std::move(*alpha);

    size_t ndata = last - mid;

    Iter1_t linf = first, lsup = mid;
    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < ndata; ++i)
    {
        Iter1_t it1 = std::upper_bound(linf, lsup, *(data + i), comp);
        viter.push_back(it1);
        linf = it1;
    };

    // moving the elements
    viter.push_back(mid);
    for (uint32_t i = viter.size() - 1; i != 0; --i)
    {
        Iter1_t src = viter[i], limit = viter[i - 1];
        Iter1_t dest = src + (i);
        while (src != limit) *(--dest) = std::move(*(--src));
        *(viter[i - 1] + (i - 1)) = std::move(*(data + (i - 1)));
    };
}
;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : check_stable_sort
/// @brief check if the elements between first and last are osted or reverse
///        sorted. If the number of elements not sorted is small, insert in
///        the sorted part
/// @param range_input : range with the elements to sort
/// @param range_buffer : range with the elements sorted
/// @param comp : object for to compare two elements
/// @param level : when is 1, sort with the insertionsort algorithm
///                if not make a recursive call splitting the ranges
//
/// @comments : if the number of levels is odd, the data are in the first
/// parameter of range_sort, and the results appear in the second parameter
/// If the number of levels is even, the data are in the second
/// parameter of range_sort, and the results are in the same parameter
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static bool check_stable_sort(const range<Iter1_t> &rng_data,
                              const range<Iter2_t> &rng_aux, Compare comp)
{
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //              metaprogramming
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef value_iter<Iter1_t> value_t;
    typedef value_iter<Iter2_t> value2_t;
    static_assert (std::is_same<value_t, value2_t>::value,
                    "Incompatible iterators\n");

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                    program
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // the maximun number of elements not ordered, for to be inserted in the
    // sorted part
    //const ptrdiff_t  min_insert_partial_sort = 32 ;
    const size_t ndata = rng_data.size();
    if (ndata < 32)
    {
        insert_sort(rng_data.first, rng_data.last, comp);
        return true;
    };
    const size_t min_insert_partial_sort =
                    ((ndata >> 3) < 33) ? 32 : (ndata >> 3);
    if (ndata < 2) return true;

    // check if sorted
    bool sw = true;
    Iter1_t it2 = rng_data.first + 1;
    for (Iter1_t it1 = rng_data.first;
                    it2 != rng_data.last and (sw = not comp(*it2, *it1)); it1 =
                                    it2++)
        ;
    if (sw) return true;

    // insert the elements between it1 and last
    if (size_t(rng_data.last - it2) < min_insert_partial_sort)
    {
        sort_range_sort(range<Iter1_t>(it2, rng_data.last), rng_aux, comp);
        insert_partial_sort(rng_data.first, it2, rng_data.last, comp, rng_aux);
        return true;
    };

    // check if reverse sorted
    if ((it2 != (rng_data.first + 1))) return false;
    sw = true;
    for (Iter1_t it1 = rng_data.first;
                    it2 != rng_data.last and (sw = comp(*it2, *it1)); it1 =
                                    it2++)
        ;
    if (size_t(rng_data.last - it2) >= min_insert_partial_sort) return false;

    // reverse the elements between first and it1
    size_t nreverse = it2 - rng_data.first;
    Iter1_t alpha(rng_data.first), beta(it2 - 1), mid(
                    rng_data.first + (nreverse >> 1));
    while (alpha != mid) {
	using std::swap;
        swap(*(alpha++), *(beta--));
    }

    // insert the elements between it1 and last
    if (it2 != rng_data.last)
    {
        sort_range_sort(range<Iter1_t>(it2, rng_data.last), rng_aux, comp);
        insert_partial_sort(rng_data.first, it2, rng_data.last, comp, rng_aux);
    };
    return true;
}
;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : range_sort
/// @brief this function divide r_input in two parts, sort it,and merge moving
///        the elements to range_buf
/// @param range_input : range with the elements to sort
/// @param range_buffer : range with the elements sorted
/// @param comp : object for to compare two elements
/// @param level : when is 1, sort with the insertionsort algorithm
///                if not make a recursive call splitting the ranges
//
/// @comments : if the number of levels is odd, the data are in the first
/// parameter of range_sort, and the results appear in the second parameter
/// If the number of levels is even, the data are in the second
/// parameter of range_sort, and the results are in the same parameter
/// The two ranges must have the same size
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static void range_sort(const range<Iter1_t> &range1,
                       const range<Iter2_t> &range2, Compare comp,
                       uint32_t level)
{
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                  metaprogram
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef value_iter<Iter1_t> value_t;
    typedef value_iter<Iter2_t> value2_t;
    static_assert (std::is_same<value_t, value2_t>::value,
                    "Incompatible iterators\n");

    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                  program
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef range<Iter1_t> range_it1;
    typedef range<Iter2_t> range_it2;
    assert(range1.size() == range2.size() and level != 0);

    //------------------- check if sort --------------------------------------
    if (range1.size() > 1024)
    {
        if ((level & 1) == 0)
        {
            if (check_stable_sort(range2, range1, comp)) return;
        }
        else
        {
            if (check_stable_sort(range1, range2, comp))
            {
                move_forward(range2, range1);
                return;
            };
        };
    };

    //------------------- normal process -----------------------------------
    size_t nelem1 = (range1.size() + 1) >> 1;
    range_it1 range_input1(range1.first, range1.first + nelem1),
                           range_input2(range1.first + nelem1, range1.last);

    if (level < 2)
    {
        insert_sort(range_input1.first, range_input1.last, comp);
        insert_sort(range_input2.first, range_input2.last, comp);
    }
    else
    {
        range_sort (range_it2(range2.first, range2.first + nelem1),
                    range_input1, comp, level - 1);

        range_sort (range_it2(range2.first + nelem1, range2.last),
                    range_input2, comp, level - 1);
    };

    merge(range2, range_input1, range_input2, comp);
}
;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : sort_range_sort
/// @brief this sort elements using the range_sort function and receiving a
///        buffer of initialized memory
/// @param rng_data : range with the elements to sort
/// @param rng_aux : range of at least the same memory than rng_data used as
///                  auxiliary memory in the sorting
/// @param comp : object for to compare two elements
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class Iter1_t, class Iter2_t, class Compare>
static void sort_range_sort(const range<Iter1_t> &rng_data,
                            const range<Iter2_t> &rng_aux, Compare comp)
{
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                  metaprogram
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef value_iter<Iter1_t> value_t;
    typedef value_iter<Iter2_t> value2_t;
    static_assert (std::is_same<value_t, value2_t>::value,
                    "Incompatible iterators\n");

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                    program
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // minimal number of element before to jump to insertionsort
    static const uint32_t sort_min = 32;
    if (rng_data.size() <= sort_min)
    {
        insert_sort(rng_data.first, rng_data.last, comp);
        return;
    };

#ifdef __BS_DEBUG
    assert (rng_aux.size () >= rng_data.size ());
#endif

    range<Iter2_t> rng_buffer(rng_aux.first, rng_aux.first + rng_data.size());
    uint32_t nlevel =
                    nbits64(((rng_data.size() + sort_min - 1) / sort_min) - 1);
    //assert (nlevel != 0);

    if ((nlevel & 1) == 0)
    {
        range_sort(rng_buffer, rng_data, comp, nlevel);
    }
    else
    {
        range_sort(rng_data, rng_buffer, comp, nlevel);
        move_forward(rng_data, rng_buffer);
    };
}
;
//
//############################################################################
//                                                                          ##
//                              S T R U C T                                 ##
//                                                                          ##
//                           S P I N _ S O R T                              ##
//                                                                          ##
//############################################################################
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
/// @struct spin_sort
/// @brief  This class implement s stable sort algorithm with 1 thread, with
///         an auxiliary memory of N/2 elements
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template<class Iter_t, typename Compare = compare_iter<Iter_t>>
class spinsort
{
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //               DEFINITIONS AND CONSTANTS
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    typedef value_iter<Iter_t> value_t;
    typedef range<Iter_t> range_it;
    typedef range<value_t *> range_buf;
    // When the number of elements to sort is smaller than Sort_min, are sorted
    // by the insertion sort algorithm
    static const uint32_t Sort_min = 36;

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                      VARIABLES
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Pointer to the auxiliary memory
    value_t *ptr;

    // Number of elements in the auxiliary memory
    size_t nptr;

    // construct indicate if the auxiliary memory in initialized, and owner
    // indicate if the auxiliary memory had been created inside the object or
    // had
    // been received as a parameter
    bool construct = false, owner = false;

    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                   PRIVATE FUNCTIONS
    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
    spinsort (Iter_t first, Iter_t last, Compare comp, value_t *paux,
               size_t naux);

public:
    //------------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                   PUBLIC FUNCTIONS
    //-------------------------------------------------------------------------
    spinsort(Iter_t first, Iter_t last, Compare comp = Compare())
    : spinsort(first, last, comp, nullptr, 0) { };

    spinsort(Iter_t first, Iter_t last, Compare comp, range_buf range_aux)
    : spinsort(first, last, comp, range_aux.first, range_aux.size()) { };
    //
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    //  function :~spinsort
    /// @brief destructor of the struct. Destroy the elements if construct is
    /// true,
    ///        and return the memory if owner is true
    //-----------------------------------------------------------------------
    ~spinsort(void)
    {
        if (construct)
        {
            destroy(range<value_t *>(ptr, ptr + nptr));
            construct = false;
        };
        if (owner and ptr != nullptr) std::free (ptr);
    };
};
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//        End of class spinsort
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : spinsort
/// @brief constructor of the struct
//
/// @param first : iterator to the first element of the range to sort
/// @param last : iterator after the last element to the range to sort
/// @param comp : object for to compare two elements pointed by Iter_t
///               iterators
/// @param paux : pointer to the auxiliary memory provided. If nullptr, the
///               memory is created inside the class
/// @param naux : number of elements pointed by paux
//------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <class Iter_t, typename Compare>
spinsort <Iter_t, Compare>
::spinsort (Iter_t first, Iter_t last, Compare comp, value_t *paux, size_t naux)
: ptr(paux), nptr(naux), construct(false), owner(false)
{
    range<Iter_t> range_input(first, last);
    assert(range_input.valid());

    size_t nelem = range_input.size();
    owner = construct = false;

    nptr = (nelem + 1) >> 1;
    size_t nelem_1 = nptr;
    size_t nelem_2 = nelem - nelem_1;

    if (nelem <= (Sort_min << 1))
    {
        insert_sort(range_input.first, range_input.last, comp);
        return;
    };

    //------------------- check if sort ---------------------------------
    bool sw = true;
    for (Iter_t it1 = first, it2 = first + 1; it2 != last
         and (sw = not comp(*it2, *it1)); it1 = it2++) ;
    if (sw) return;

    //------------------- check if reverse sort -------------------------
    sw = true;
    for (Iter_t it1 = first, it2 = first + 1;
         it2 != last and (sw = comp(*it2, *it1)); it1 = it2++);
    if (sw)
    {
	using std::swap;
        size_t nelem2 = nelem >> 1;
        Iter_t it1 = first, it2 = last - 1;
        for (size_t i = 0; i < nelem2; ++i)
            swap(*(it1++), *(it2--));
        return;
    };

    if (ptr == nullptr)
    {
		ptr = reinterpret_cast <value_t*> 
				(std::malloc (nptr * sizeof(value_t)));
        
        if (ptr == nullptr) throw std::bad_alloc();
        owner = true;
    };
    range_buf range_aux(ptr, (ptr + nptr));

    //---------------------------------------------------------------------
    //                  Process
    //---------------------------------------------------------------------
    uint32_t nlevel = nbits64(((nelem + Sort_min - 1) / Sort_min) - 1) - 1;
    assert(nlevel != 0);

    if ((nlevel & 1) == 1)
    {
        //----------------------------------------------------------------
        // if the number of levels is odd, the data are in the first
        // parameter of range_sort, and the results appear in the second
        // parameter
        //----------------------------------------------------------------
        range_it range_1(first, first + nelem_2), range_2(first + nelem_2,
                        last);
        range_aux = move_construct(range_aux, range_2);
        construct = true;

        range_sort(range_aux, range_2, comp, nlevel);
        range_buf rng_bx(range_aux.first, range_aux.first + nelem_2);

        range_sort(range_1, rng_bx, comp, nlevel);
        merge_half(range_input, rng_bx, range_2, comp);
    }
    else
    {
        //----------------------------------------------------------------
        // If the number of levels is even, the data are in the second
        // parameter of range_sort, and the results are in the same
        //  parameter
        //----------------------------------------------------------------
        range_it range_1(first, first + nelem_1), range_2(first + nelem_1,
                        last);
        range_aux = move_construct(range_aux, range_1);
        construct = true;

        range_sort(range_1, range_aux, comp, nlevel);

        range_1.last = range_1.first + range_2.size();
        range_sort(range_1, range_2, comp, nlevel);
        merge_half(range_input, range_aux, range_2, comp);
    };
};

//****************************************************************************
};//    End namepspace spin_detail
//****************************************************************************
//
namespace bsc = boost::sort::common;
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  function : spinsort
/// @brief this function implement a single thread stable sort
///
/// @param first : iterator to the first element of the range to sort
/// @param last : iterator after the last element to the range to sort
/// @param comp : object for to compare two elements pointed by Iter_t
///               iterators
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
template <class Iter_t, class Compare = compare_iter<Iter_t>>
inline void spinsort (Iter_t first, Iter_t last, Compare comp = Compare())
{
    spin_detail::spinsort <Iter_t, Compare> (first, last, comp);
};

template <class Iter_t, class Compare = compare_iter<Iter_t>>
inline void indirect_spinsort (Iter_t first, Iter_t last,
                               Compare comp = Compare())
{
    typedef typename std::vector<Iter_t>::iterator itx_iter;
    typedef common::less_ptr_no_null <Iter_t, Compare> itx_comp;
    common::indirect_sort (spinsort<itx_iter, itx_comp>, first, last, comp);
};

//****************************************************************************
};//    End namespace sort
};//    End namepspace boost
//****************************************************************************
//
#endif
