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<PRONOM-Report xmlns="http://pronom.nationalarchives.gov.uk">
  <report_format_detail>
    <FileFormat>
      <FormatID>654</FormatID>
      <FormatName>Waveform Audio</FormatName>
      <FormatVersion>
      </FormatVersion>
      <FormatAliases>WAVE</FormatAliases>
      <FormatFamilies>WAVE</FormatFamilies>
      <FormatTypes>Audio</FormatTypes>
      <FormatDisclosure>Full</FormatDisclosure>
      <FormatDescription>Waveform Audio (WAVE) is a chunk-based audio format developed by Microsoft, based on the generic Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) specification developed by Microsoft and IBM. Structurally, a WAVE file is composed of a number of chunks, each comprising a four character code chunk identifier, the chunk size, and the chunk data. It  comprises a RIFF header with a WAVE data type identifier, followed by a series of chunks. Every file must include a Format chunk, which describes the format of the audio data, and a Data chunk, containing the audio data itself. Other optional chunks are also allowed. The format supports a wide variety of compressed and uncompressed audio encodings.</FormatDescription>
      <BinaryFileFormat>Binary</BinaryFileFormat>
      <ByteOrders>Little-endian (Intel)</ByteOrders>
      <ReleaseDate>
      </ReleaseDate>
      <WithdrawnDate>
      </WithdrawnDate>
      <ProvenanceSourceID>1</ProvenanceSourceID>
      <ProvenanceName>Digital Preservation Department / The National Archives</ProvenanceName>
      <ProvenanceSourceDate>11 Mar 2005</ProvenanceSourceDate>
      <ProvenanceDescription>08/2023 (v.113)- Added priority over fmt/1886 (Resource Interchange Format (RIFF)). Submitted by New York Public Libraries and Preservica.</ProvenanceDescription>
      <LastUpdatedDate>14 Aug 2023</LastUpdatedDate>
      <FormatNote>
      </FormatNote>
      <FormatRisk>
      </FormatRisk>
      <TechnicalEnvironment>
      </TechnicalEnvironment>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>audio/x-wav</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>MIME</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>com.microsoft.waveform-audio</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>Apple Uniform Type Identifier</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <FileFormatIdentifier>
        <Identifier>fmt/6</Identifier>
        <IdentifierType>PUID</IdentifierType>
      </FileFormatIdentifier>
      <ExternalSignature>
        <ExternalSignatureID>622</ExternalSignatureID>
        <Signature>wav</Signature>
        <SignatureType>File extension</SignatureType>
      </ExternalSignature>
      <InternalSignature>
        <SignatureID>50</SignatureID>
        <SignatureName>WAVE</SignatureName>
        <SignatureNote>RIFF header, WAVE ID</SignatureNote>
        <ByteSequence>
          <ByteSequenceID>154</ByteSequenceID>
          <PositionType>Absolute from BOF</PositionType>
          <Offset>0</Offset>
          <MaxOffset>0</MaxOffset>
          <IndirectOffsetLocation>
          </IndirectOffsetLocation>
          <IndirectOffsetLength>
          </IndirectOffsetLength>
          <Endianness>
          </Endianness>
          <ByteSequenceValue>52494646{4}57415645</ByteSequenceValue>
        </ByteSequence>
      </InternalSignature>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>656</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>1 Generic</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>674</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Exchangeable Image File Format (Audio)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2.1</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>735</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>0 Generic</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>749</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Exchangeable Image File Format (Audio)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2.2</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>750</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Exchangeable Image File Format (Audio)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2.0</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>784</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (PCMWAVEFORMAT)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>785</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (WAVEFORMATEX)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>786</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1314</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2 Generic</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1502</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>0 PCM Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1503</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>1 PCM Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1504</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2 PCM Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1505</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>0 MPEG Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1506</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>1 MPEG Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1507</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2 MPEG Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1508</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>0 WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1509</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>1 WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has lower priority than</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>1510</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Broadcast WAVE</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>2 WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE Encoding</RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Has priority over</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>2741</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Is previous version of</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>785</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (WAVEFORMATEX)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Is supertype of</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>784</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (PCMWAVEFORMAT)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Is supertype of</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>785</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (WAVEFORMATEX)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <RelatedFormat>
        <RelationshipType>Is supertype of</RelationshipType>
        <RelatedFormatID>786</RelatedFormatID>
        <RelatedFormatName>Waveform Audio (WAVEFORMATEXTENSIBLE)</RelatedFormatName>
        <RelatedFormatVersion>
        </RelatedFormatVersion>
      </RelatedFormat>
      <CompressionType>
        <CompressionID>3</CompressionID>
        <CompressionName>Pulse Code Modulation</CompressionName>
        <CompressionVersion>
        </CompressionVersion>
        <CompressionAliases>
        </CompressionAliases>
        <CompressionFamilies>
        </CompressionFamilies>
        <Description>Uncompressed audio encoding method, which uses linear sampling at a wide range of sampling frequencies and resolutions.</Description>
        <Lossiness>Lossless</Lossiness>
        <ReleaseDate>
        </ReleaseDate>
        <WithdrawnDate>
        </WithdrawnDate>
        <CompressionDocumentation>
        </CompressionDocumentation>
        <CompressionIPR>
        </CompressionIPR>
        <CompressionNote>
        </CompressionNote>
        <CompressionIdentifier>
          <Identifier>WAVE_FORMAT_PCM</Identifier>
          <IdentifierType>WAVE Format GUID</IdentifierType>
        </CompressionIdentifier>
        <CompressionIdentifier>
          <Identifier>x-cmp/3</Identifier>
          <IdentifierType>PUID</IdentifierType>
        </CompressionIdentifier>
      </CompressionType>
      <FormatProperties>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Compression Type</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Number Of Channels</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Sampling Frequency</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Byte Order</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Creation Date</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Copyright</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Creating Application</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Creator</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Subject</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
        <FormatProperty>
          <PropertyName>Comments</PropertyName>
          <PropertyDescription>
          </PropertyDescription>
          <PropertyType>Instance</PropertyType>
          <PropertyRiskScore>
          </PropertyRiskScore>
          <PropertyHighRisk>
          </PropertyHighRisk>
          <PropertyValueDescription>
          </PropertyValueDescription>
          <PropertyRisks />
        </FormatProperty>
      </FormatProperties>
    </FileFormat>
    <SearchCriteria>Criteria</SearchCriteria>
  </report_format_detail>
</PRONOM-Report>
